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  3. Some fish seem to be capable of adapting rapidly to climate change. In fact, they might even thrive in the warmer oceans of the

Some fish seem to be capable of adapting rapidly to climate change. In fact, they might even thrive in the warmer oceans of the

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问题     Some fish seem to be capable of adapting rapidly to climate change. In fact, they might even thrive in the warmer oceans of the future, growing bigger and healthier than they can at present-day temperatures. Evidence gathered over the past decade has suggested that climate change will force fish to migrate to cooler waters, or else face extinction. Signs of such migration have already even been seen. But recent studies have shown that some fish are able to adapt to warmer waters over a few generations.
    Earlier this month, Philip Munday of James Cook University, and his colleagues showed that one key tropical fish species did this by switching some of its genes on and off. Yet there are questions over the potential cost of such an adaptation. The fish’s ability to swim seems to be unimpaired but, as Munday noted: "Maybe we’ll see trade-offs with growth rates. There are no free lunches in this world. " However, for some fish at least, climate change may well carry the prospect of just such a free lunch.
    Work by Jennifer Donelson from the University of Technology in Sydney, Australia, suggests that when a certain species of reef-dwelling fish adapts to warmer waters, it grows bigger and is in better physical condition.
    In her laboratory, Donelson reared several groups of maroon clownfish or anemonefish, which live in coral reefs throughout the West Pacific. She kept one group at temperatures replicating present-day conditions on the Great Barrier Reef, from where the parents of the fish were collected. In addition, she kept another group at 1.51 warmer and a third group at 31 warmer, representing the ocean temperature rise expected by the end of the century.
    After a year of growing, the fish adapted to the warmer temperatures, upping their aerobic metabolism. And that enhancement seemed to bestow other benefits; those reared at temperatures 3℃ warmer grew 8 percent larger and 29 per cent heavier than fish reared at lower temperatures.
    Donelson says that it is hard to make predictions about how different species will cope with climate change. " But at least it won’t be all negative news for all species," she says.
    Warmer waters could be a good thing for fish that are able to adapt quickly enough, says Munday. But he notes that there could still be other costs of adaptation that were not revealed by this study. Donelson agrees, saying that she did not test the reproduction rates of the anemonefish, for example. Of course, how they cope will depend on the wider coral reef ecosystem, and there is ongoing debate about its ability to adapt to warmer waters. Other studies have also suggested that a similar species of clown-fish gets "tipsy" when water becomes more acidic, leading to them taking more risks.
Jennifer Donelson has found in her study that______.
选项 A、reef-dwelling fish can grow better as soon as they migrate to warmer waters
B、parents of the sample clownfish were gathered from the Great Barrier Reef
C、the ocean temperature will rise to 3℃ at the end of the century
D、the metabolic rate of some fish can be enhanced in warmer temperatures
答案D
解析 细节题。根据题干定位到第三、四、五段。关键句：After a year of growing，the fishadapted to the warmer temperatures，upping their aerobic metabolism．所以[D]选项的表述“某些鱼类的代谢速率提高”正确。[A]选项意为“礁栖鱼类一旦迁徙到更加温暖的水体中就可以长得更好”，而原文表述是when a certain species of reef-dwelling fish adapts to warmer waters“在某种礁栖鱼类适应了更加温暖的水体之后”，该选项时间点错误，可排除。[B]选项是原文中提到的一个事实，但是并不是Jennifer Donelson的实验发现，可排除。[C]选项表述与原文不符，原文的意思是“预计在本世纪末海水温度将升高3摄氏度”，而不是“升高到3摄氏度”，故该选项错误，可排除。
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