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  3. A bull grazes on dry wheat husks(外皮)in Logan, Kansas, one of the regions hit by the record drought that has affected more than h

A bull grazes on dry wheat husks(外皮)in Logan, Kansas, one of the regions hit by the record drought that has affected more than h

admin2014-06-30  4
问题     A bull grazes on dry wheat husks(外皮)in Logan, Kansas, one of the regions hit by the record drought that has affected more than half of the U. S. and is expected to drive up food prices.
    Leading water scientists have issued one of the sternest warnings yet about
global food supplies, saying that the world’s population may have to switch almost completely to a vegetarian diet over the next 40 years to avoid catastrophic shortages.
    Adopting a vegetarian diet is one option to increase the amount of water available to grow more food in an increasingly climate-unstable world, the scientists said. Animal protein-rich food consumes 5 to 10 times more water than a vegetarian diet. One third of the world’s arable(适于耕种的)land is used to grow crops to feed animals. Other options to feed people include eliminating waste and increasing trade between countries in food surplus and those in deficit.
    "900 million people already go hungry and 2 billion people are malnourished in spite of the fact that per capita food production continues to increase," they said. " With 70% of all available water being in agriculture, growing more food to feed an additional 2 billion people by 2050 will place greater pressure on available water and land. "
    The report is being released at the start of the annual world water conference in Stockholm, Sweden, where 2,500 politicians, UN bodies, non-governmental groups and researchers from 120 countries meet to address global water supply problems.
    Competition for water between food production and other uses will intensify pressure on essential resources, the scientists said. "The UN predicts that we must increase food production by 70% by mid-century. This will place additional pressure on our already stressed water resources, at a time when we also need to allocate more water to satisfy global energy demand—which is expected to rise 60% over the coming 30 years —and to generate electricity for the 1. 3 billion people currently without it," said the report.
    Overeating, undernourishment and waste are all on the rise and increased food production may face future constraints from water scarcity.
    "We will need a new recipe to feed the world in the future," said the report’s editor, Anders Jaegerskog. A separate report from the International Water Management Institute(IWMI)said the best way for countries to protect millions of farmers from food insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia was to help them invest in small pumps and simple technology, rather than to develop expensive, large-scale irrigation projects.
    "Farmers across the developing world are increasingly relying on and benefiting from small-scale, locally-relevant water solutions. These techniques could increase yields up to 300% and add tens of billions of U. S. dollars to household revenues across sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia. " said Dr. Colin Chartres, the director general.
What do the scientists say can be done to increase food supply?
选项 A、Grow more animal protein-rich food.
B、Turn pastures into arable lands.
C、Promote trade between countries self-sufficient in food.
D、Increase the amount of water for food production.
答案D
解析 事实细节题。本题考查科学家对于增加食物供应量的建议。定位句指出，科学家指出，素食的饮食习惯是在逐渐不稳定的气候条件下增加用来生产更多的食物的可用水资源总量的一种选择，故答案为D)。A)“出产更多富含蛋白质的动物食物”，该段第二句指出动物蛋白质食物要消耗大量的水资源，故不适宜，排除；B)“退牧还耕”，该段第三句指明世界三分之一的耕种土地用于种植喂养动物的食物，即使耕地多也不是多产食物给人们，故排除；C)“增进与自给自足国家间的贸易往来”，该段最后一句指出要让那些粮食有剩余和那些有短缺的国家加强贸易联系，故排除。
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