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  3. Easter [A] Every year as Easter approaches, the stores are filled with jelly beans, candy eggs, egg-coloring kits, stuffed,

Easter [A] Every year as Easter approaches, the stores are filled with jelly beans, candy eggs, egg-coloring kits, stuffed,

admin2023-02-19  10
问题                                         Easter
    [A] Every year as Easter approaches, the stores are filled with jelly beans, candy eggs, egg-coloring kits, stuffed, real and chocolate bunnies of all types, and baskets for carrying all of this Easter bounty. However, most of us know that Easter isn’t simply a commercial spring festival about dyeing and hiding eggs or wearing new spring attire. Easter is the Christian ceremony of the crucifixion (受难) of Jesus Christ and his resurrection (复活) days later. It is the central festival of the Christian church and, after the Sabbath (安息日), it is the oldest Christian observance.
    Easter’s Date
    [B] Unlike festivals such as Christmas, Easter has been celebrated without interruption since New Testament times. The dates of all movable feasts are also calculated around the date of Easter. According to the Encyclopedia Britannica: … western Christians celebrate Easter on the first Sunday after the full moon (the paschal moon) that occurs on or next after the vernal equinox on March 21. If the paschal moon, which is calculated from a system of golden numbers and epacts and does not necessarily coincide with the astronomical full moon, occurs on a Sunday, Easter is the following Sunday.
    [C] The U.S. Naval Observatory’s Astronomical Applications Department says that Easter is determined by the "ecclesiastical (教会的) moon" as denned by church-constructed tables to be used permanently for calculating the phase of the moon. This full moon doesn’t necessarily coincide with the astronomical full moon, which means, Navy researchers say, that Easter is not necessarily the very next Sunday after a full moon. It could be the next Sunday after the ecclesiastical moon. This happened in 1876. These calculations say that Easter can fall between March 22 and April 25. This was decreed by Pope Gregory XIII in 1582 as part of the Gregorian calendar.
    [D] During New Testament times, the Christian church celebrated Easter at the same time as the Jews observed Passover (逾越节). (The first of Passover’s eight days is Nissan 15 on the Jewish calendar. Passover observes the flight and freedom of the Israelites from slavery in Egypt.) By the middle of the second century, Easter was celebrated on the Sunday after Passover. The Council of Nicaea decided in 325 A.D. that all churches should celebrate it together on a Sunday. The Eastern Orthodox (东正教) church may celebrate Easter up to a month later, as its calculation of the date is based on the Julian calendar, which is currently 13 days behind the Gregorian calendar. In 1865 and 1963, Easter observance in both Eastern and Western churches coincided. In some countries, Good Friday and the Monday after Easter are national holidays. In the United States, these two days are not federal holidays and observance varies from state to state. Easter Sunday
    [E] Easter Sunday celebrates Jesus’ resurrection. Along with Christmas, Easter is considered one of the oldest and most joyous days on the Christian calendar. Religious services and other Easter celebrations vary throughout the regions of the world and even from country to country. In the United States, many "sunrise services" are held outside on Easter morning. These early services are symbolic of the empty tomb that was found early that Sunday morning and of Jesus’ arrival in Jerusalem before sunrise on the Sunday of his resurrection. "Do not be alarmed," he said. "You are looking for Jesus the Nazarene, who ivas crucified. He has risen! He is not here. See the place where they laid h’nn." (Mark 16:6, NIV)
    [F] It is important to understand that Easter was not celebrated or mentioned in the Bible. Rather, the three-day period from Good Friday through Easter Sunday has become a traditional observance of when Christians believe that the crucifixion, burial and resurrection of Christ occurred.
    Traditions
    [G] In addition to the religious celebrations and observances of Easter, many countries also celebrate Easter with sweets and baked goods. Eggs, a traditional symbol of new life, are hard-boiled and dyed. Chocolate candies of all shapes and sizes are bought. Cakes and breads are baked and carefully decorated. And in many homes, families celebrate Easter with a gathering of family for an elaborate Easter dinner. According to the book Festivals and Celebrations, eggs were dyed in ancient times by the Egyptians and Persians, who then exchanged them with friends. "It was in Mesopotamia that Christians first gave eggs to their friends at Easter to remind them of the resurrection of Jesus,’* author Rowland Purton writes. If Lent (大宅期) is observed as it was intended to be, eggs are a forbidden food. Centuries ago, when Lent ended on Easter Sunday, it became a tradition for people to give decorated eggs as presents to their friends and servants. Over time, the tradition of painting or decorating eggs has continued, particularly with the Ukrainians and other eastern Europeans known for their beautiful and intricate designs. The bejeweled "Easter Egg" created by the artist Peter Carl Faberge in the late 1880s in St. Petersburg, Russia, is the extreme of egg decorating. The lapis lazuli (青金石) egg is a gold, enamel (瓷釉), pearl, diamond and ruby creation that features a hinged, enameled "yolk" that conceals a royal crown. This crown is also hinged and opens to reveal a ruby egg. Though this Easter egg is not documented among the Russian Imperial Eggs, experts say it was probably created for a member of Russian royalty. Visit The Cleveland Museum of Art: Special Exhibitions to view other intricate and bejeweled eggs created by Peter Carl Faberge.
    [H] Rabbits are a powerful symbol of fertility and new life, and therefore, of Easter. The Easter Bunny, like Santa Claus, has become a popular children’s character. But it may be that the Easter Bunny is something of a historical mistake. At some point, the hare was replaced by the rabbit (some say that this is because it is difficult to tell hares and rabbits, both long-eared mammals, apart). [I] According to the book Dates and Meanings of Religious & Other Festivals, hot cross buns "used to be kept specially for Good Friday with the symbolism of the cross, although it is thought that they originated in pagan times with the bun representing the moon and its four quarters." The custom of eating hot cross buns goes back to pre-Christian times, when pagans offered their god, Zeus, a cake baked in the form of a bull, with a cross upon it to represent its horns. Throughout the centuries, hot cross buns were made and eaten every Good Friday, and it was thought that they had miraculous curative powers. People hung buns from their kitchen ceilings to protect their households from evil for the year to come. Good Friday bread and buns were said never to decay. This was probably because the buns were baked so hard that there was no moisture left in the mixture for the mold to live on. Hot cross buns and bread baked on Good Friday were used in powdered form to treat all sorts of illnesses. Easter at the White House
    [J] Held for more than 120 years, early egg rolling activities took place on the grounds of the U.S. Capitol. However, under President Rutherford Hayes, the event was moved to the South Lawn of the White House, where it is still held. [K] While the children’s games have changed over time, simply rolling a hard-boiled egg across the green lawns is still a high point of the day. Presidents and First Ladies and other celebrities have traditionally greeted the children, who, at the end of the day, receive collectible wooden eggs complete with the signatures of the President and First Lady. If you can’t go to Washington, D.C., you can order your own White House Easter Egg from Guest Services Inc. [L] Another interesting custom: Some countries have pace egg rolling. Eggs are rolled downhill as a symbol of the stone being rolled away from the tomb where Jesus was laid. This became popular despite scholars’ assertion that the stone over the tomb was actually rolled uphill!
If Lent is observed as it was intended to be, people are not allowed to eat eggs.
选项
答案G
解析 根据If lent is observed as it was intended to be定位到G段。该段中问说到，如果正逢大斋期，按大斋期的规定，蛋是禁止食用的。本题句子是对原文的同义表达。
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