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  3. Since 1990 the percentage of bacterial sinus infections in Aqadestan that are resistant to the antibiotic perxicillin has increa

Since 1990 the percentage of bacterial sinus infections in Aqadestan that are resistant to the antibiotic perxicillin has increa

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问题 Since 1990 the percentage of bacterial sinus infections in Aqadestan that are resistant to the antibiotic perxicillin has increased substantially. Bacteria can quickly develop resistance to an antibiotic when it is prescribed indiscriminately or when patients fail to take it as prescribed. Since perxicillin has not been indiscriminately prescribed, health officials hypothesize that the increase in perxicillin-resistant sinus infections is largely due to patients’ failure to take this medication as prescribed.
Which of the following, if true of Aqadestan, provides most support for the health officials’ hypothesis?
选项 A、Resistance to several other commonly prescribed antibiotics has not increased since 1990 in Aqadestan.
B、A large number of Aqadestanis never seek medical help when they have a sinus infection.
C、When it first became available, perxicillin was much more effective in treating bacterial sinus infections than any other antibiotic used for such infections at the time.
D、Many patients who take perxicillin experience severe side effects within the first few days of their prescribed regimen.
E、Aqadestani health clinics provide antibiotics to their patients at cost.
答案D
解析 Argument Construction
Situation In Aqadestan the percentage of bacterial sinus infections resistant to the antibiotic perxicillin has been increasing even though perxicillin has not been indiscriminately prescribed.
Reasoning What evidence most strongly suggests that the main reason perxicillin-resistant sinus infections are becoming more common is that patients are failing to take perxicillin as prescribed? Any evidence suggesting that patients have in fact been failing to take perxicillin as prescribed would support the hypothesis, as would any evidence casting doubt on other possible explanations for the increasing proportion of perxicillin-resistant sinus infections.
A This suggests that some factor specific to perxicillin is increasing bacterial resistance to it, but that could be true whether or not the factor is patients’ failure to take perxicillin as prescribed.
B If anything, this weakens the argument by suggesting that most people with sinus infections are never prescribed perxicillin, and that therefore relatively few people are getting prescriptions and then failing to follow them.
C The relative effectiveness of perxicillin when it first became available does not suggest that the reason it is now becoming less effective is that many patients are failing to take it as prescribed.
D Correct. These side effects would discourage patients from taking perxicillin as prescribed, so their existence provides evidence that many patients are not taking it as prescribed.
E If the clinics do not charge extra for perxicillin, that would make it more affordable and hence easier for many patients to take as prescribed.
The correct answer is D.
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