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  3. Mass transit authorities in large cities are struggling with deficits. Riders complain about delays and breakdowns, cuts in serv

Mass transit authorities in large cities are struggling with deficits. Riders complain about delays and breakdowns, cuts in serv

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问题 Mass transit authorities in large cities are struggling with deficits. Riders complain about delays and breakdowns, cuts in service, and fares higher than they are accustomed to paying. For all these reasons and because the price of gasoline is still not prohibitive, the number of passengers using public transportation has fallen, adding to the deficits. Which of the following statements about the relationship between the number of riders using public transportation and the price of gasoline is best supported by the passage above?
选项 A、As the price of gasoline rises, the number of riders using public transportation rises.
B、Even if the price of gasoline rises, the number of riders using public transportation will continue to decline.
C、If the price of gasoline rises to a prohibitive level, the number of riders using public transportation will rise.
D、The majority of riders using public transportation do not use gasoline; hence, fluctuations in gasoline prices are unlikely to affect the number of riders using public transportation.
E、The price of gasoline is always low enough to make private transportation cheaper than public transportation; hence, fluctuations in gasoline prices are unlikely to affect the number of riders using public transportation.
答案C
解析 若用A1表示“delays and breakdowns”，A2表示“cuts in service”，A3表示“fares higher…”，A4表示“the price of gasoline is still not prohibitive”，用B表示“the number of passengers has fallen”，那么由“Forall these reasons and because price of gasoline is still not prohibitive．．．”，我们知道，有A1，A2，A3，A4这几个因素，B必然成立，但是仅仅知道A1、A2、A3或A4中的一个因素，我们并不能得到B必然成立，但若知道B成立，那么其中的一个因素必然成立，换句话说，A1，A2，A3，A4是B成立的必要条件。因此我们可以推出B→A4，其逆否命题成立，而(C)刚好与之吻合，所以(C)正确。
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