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  3. The lives of children from rich and poor American families look more different than ever before. Well-off families are ruled by

The lives of children from rich and poor American families look more different than ever before. Well-off families are ruled by

admin2019-11-20  34
问题    The lives of children from rich and poor American families look more different than ever before. Well-off families are ruled by calendars, according to a new Pew Research Center survey. There are usually two parents, who spend a lot of time reading to children and worrying about their anxiety levels and hectic schedules. In poor families, meanwhile, children are more likely to grow up in neighborhoods that their parents say aren’t great for raising children, and their parents worry about them getting shot, beaten up or in trouble with the law.
   The class differences in child rearing are growing, researchers say—a symptom of widening inequality with far-reaching consequences. Different upbringings set children on different paths and can deepen socioeconomic divisions, especially because education is strongly linked to earnings. Children grow up learning the skills to succeed in their socioeconomic stratum, but not necessarily others.
   American parents want similar things for their children, the Pew report and past research have found: for them to be healthy and happy, honest and ethical, caring and compassionate. There is no best parenting style or philosophy, researchers say, and across income groups, 92 percent of parents say they are doing a good job at raising their children. Yet they are doing it quite differently. Middle-class and higher-income parents see their children as projects in need of careful cultivation, says Annette Lareau. They try to develop their skills through close supervision and organized activities, and teach children to question authority figures and navigate elite institutions. Working-class parents, meanwhile, believe their children will naturally thrive, and give them far greater independence and time for free play. They are taught to be compliant and deferential to adults.
   There are benefits to both approaches. Working-class children are happier, more independent, while less and are closer with family members, Ms. Lareau found. Higher-income children are more likely to declare boredom and expect their parents to solve their problems. Yet later on, the more affluent children end up in college and enroute to the middle class, while working-class children tend to struggle. Children from higher-income families are likely to have the skills to navigate bureaucracies and succeed in schools and workplaces, Ms. Lareau said.
According to Paragraph 3, how do parents from more affluent families bring up their children?
选项 A、They let children stay away from the elite.
B、They focus on cultivating their children’ s skill.
C、They teach children to be obedient to authority.
D、They give children more freedom and time.
答案B
解析 细节题。根据题干关键词定位到文章第三段第四句Middle-class and higher-income parents see their children as projects…题干关键词more affluent families与该句中Middle-class and higher-income parents同义。A项let children stay away from the elite(让孩子远离精英)与文中navigate elite institutions(出入于精英机构)意思相反，故错误。C项to be obedient to authority(服从权威)是第三段最后一句to be compliant and deferential to adults(要顺从成年人，对成年人要尊敬)的同义替换，但其是working-class parents养育子女的方式，故错误。D项“给孩子更多的时间和自由”也是工薪阶层的父母培养子女的方式，故错误。B项cultivating their children’s skill与原文They try to develop their skills所表达意思一致，其中cultivate，navigate均有“培养；发展”之意，故本题选B。
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