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  3. Human beings, born with a drive to explore and experiment, thrive on learning. Unfortunately, corporations are oriented predomin

Human beings, born with a drive to explore and experiment, thrive on learning. Unfortunately, corporations are oriented predomin

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问题 Human beings, born with a drive to explore and experiment, thrive on learning. Unfortunately, corporations are oriented predominantly toward controlling employees, not fostering their learning. Ironically, this orientation creates the very conditions that predestine employees to mediocre performances. Over time, superior performance requires superior learning, because long-term corporate survival depends on continually exploring new business and organizational opportunities that can create new sources of growth.
To survive in the future, corporations must become "learning organizations," enterprises that are constantly able to adapt and expand their capabilities. To accomplish this, corporations must change how they view employees. The traditional view that a single charismatic leader should set the corporation’s direction and make key decisions is rooted in an individualistic worldview. In an increasingly interdependent world, such a view is no longer viable. In learning organizations, thinking and acting are integrated at all job levels. Corporate leadership is shared, and leaders become designers, teachers, and stewards, roles requiring new skills: the ability to build shared vision, to reveal and challenge prevailing mental models, and to foster broader, more integrated patterns of thinking. In short, leaders in learning organizations are responsible for building organizations in which employees are continually learning new skills and expanding their capabilities to shape their future.
Which of the following best describes employee behavior encouraged within learning organizations, as such organizations are described in the passage?
选项 A、Carefully defining one’s job description and taking care to avoid deviations from it
B、Designing mentoring programs that train new employees to follow procedures that have been used for many years
C、Concentrating one’s efforts on mastering one aspect of a complicated task
D、Studying an organizational problem, preparing a report, and submitting it to a corporate leader for approval
E、Analyzing a problem related to productivity, making a decision about a solution, and implementing that solution
答案E
解析 Application
The second paragraph of the passage indicates that employees of learning organizations are encouraged to think and act for themselves; they learn new skills and expand their capabilities.
A Avoiding deviations from one’s carefully defined job description would more likely be encouraged in a traditional corporation, as described in the first paragraph, than in a learning organization.
B Any employee training that involves following long-standing procedures would more likely be encouraged in a traditional corporation than a learning organization.
C According to the passage, mastering only one aspect of a task, no matter how complicated, would be insufficient in a learning organization, in which broad patterns of thinking are encouraged.
D As described in the passage, the role of corporate leaders in learning organizations is not, characteristically, to approve employees’ solutions to problems, but rather to enable and empower employees to implement solutions on their own.
E Correct. Employees in learning organizations are expected to act on their own initiative; thus, they would be encouraged to analyze and solve problems on their own, implementing whatever solutions they devised.
The correct answer is E.
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