2. 考研
  3. In recent years there has been an increasing number of large oil spills. These spills, some of which have occurred directly at t

In recent years there has been an increasing number of large oil spills. These spills, some of which have occurred directly at t

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问题    In recent years there has been an increasing number of large oil spills. These spills, some of which have occurred directly at the site of extraction and others during transportation, have had in adverse effect on marine organisms. Because of the importance of these organisms in the life cycle, research has been carried out in order to identify more accurately the reactions of these organisms to oil. A recent study has revealed that it is essential to understand that there is not one but rather, at least four possible ways in which oil can affect an organism.
   First, as a result of an organism’s ingestion of oil, direct lethal toxicity (毒性), that is, death by poisoning, can occur. However, in cases where the effect is less extreme, sub-lethal toxicity occurs. While cellular and physiological processes are involved in both cases in the latter, the organism continues to survive. Second, in some cases, oil forms a covering on the organism.
   This covering, referred to as coating, can result in smothering, that is, death of the organism due to lack of air. In instances where the effects of coating are less severe, interference with movement and loss of insulated properties of feathers or fur may occur. The third effect of oil on marine organisms is the tainting or contamination of edible organisms. This results from the incorporation of hydrocarbons (碳化氢) into the organism, thus making it unfit for human consumption.
   The final effect which this study has revealed is that of habitual changes. The alterations in the physical and chemical environment brought about by oil spills result in a change in the species composition of a region.
   The implications of this must recent study are far-reaching. An oil spill in a particular region could critically upset the balance of nature, the total effect only becoming apparent after many years.
Scientists have started to do the research to______.
选项 A、reveal the reactions of marine organisms to oil
B、find out a way of solving it
C、make a clean of oil spills
D、reveal the life of marine organisms
答案A
解析 细节对应题。文章在第一段第三句中清楚地提到：“由于这些微生物在生命循环中的重要性，因此人们开展研究来更精确地鉴定这些微生物对油的反应。”从这句话就可以判断出本题的正确答案应该是A项而非其他。故选A项。
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