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  3. 　　Everyone knows that the average human body temperature is 37°C—but everyone is wrong. It turns out that the bodies of people i

　　Everyone knows that the average human body temperature is 37°C—but everyone is wrong. It turns out that the bodies of people i

admin2021-12-24  13
问题 　　Everyone knows that the average human body temperature is 37°C—but everyone is wrong. It turns out that the bodies of people in the US have been cooling since the 1860s.
　　Physicians studying body temperature have known for decades that 37°C was too high, says Julie Parsonnet at Stanford University in California, "But they’ve always thought that it was just measurement error in the past, not because temperature had actually dropped."
　　To find out what really happened, Parsonnet and her team combined three data sets. The first set covered nearly 24,000 UnionArmyveterans (老兵) from the American Civil War, whose temperatures were measured between 1860 and 1940. The other two ranged from 1971 to 1975 and from 2007 to 2017. In total, the team analyzed more than 677,000 temperature measurements.
　　On average, US body temperature has declined by 0. 03°C per decade. Body temperatures of men born in the early 19th century were 0.59°C higher than those of men today. Women’s average temperature has dropped by 0.32°C compared with that of women born in the 1890s. That means average body temperature today is about 36.6°C , not 37 C as it is widely thought.
　　The change isn’t simply the result of older thermometers(温度计)being unreliable. We know this because the cooling trend is visible within the more modern data sets, in which the thermometers were probably more accurate.
　　"The most likely explanation in my view is that, microbiologically, we’re very different people than we were," says Parsonnet. People have fewer infections, thanks to vaccines and antibiotics, so our immune systems are less active and our body tissues less inflamed(发炎).
The average human body temperature has been_________ since the 1860s.
选项 A、rising
B、dropping
C、turning up
D、narrowing down
答案B
解析 本题考查细节。通过题眼中的“1860s”定位到文中第一段“It turns out that the bodies of people in the US have been cooling since the 1860s．”该句理解为“结果显示，自19世纪60年代以来，美国人的体温成下降趋势。”可以得知cooling在文中的意思与 dropping一样。注意：题目中数字信息很好定位，考生需加强搜索能力。
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