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  3. In China, violence against medical personnel is on the rise as the doctor-patient conflict gets increasingly nasty. According to

In China, violence against medical personnel is on the rise as the doctor-patient conflict gets increasingly nasty. According to

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问题     In China, violence against medical personnel is on the rise as the doctor-patient conflict gets increasingly nasty. According to statistics, violent crimes that cause severe injury or death to medical personnel have increased drastically to 27.3 cases last year. The following news report provides details of this phenomenon. Read it carefully and write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should:
    1. summarize briefly the news report;
    2. give your comment.
    Why China’s Doctors Are Getting Beat Up
    The young doctor weeps as he is pulled before the crowd. The night before, he treated a patient for excessive alcohol consumption. That patient later died. And now he is surrounded by a mob that includes members of the deceased’s family. "That’s the doctor who killed the patient," someone yells. It takes 30 minutes for the police to break things up.
    Variations on this scene play out with alarming regularity in China. As the country’s healthcare system expands to meet the needs of an increasingly affluent, demanding populace, tensions between patients and doctors are running high. Over the past ten years, attacks jumped an average of almost 23% per year, according to the China Hospital Management Society.
    The causes are complex. China now provides some form of insurance to almost all of its citizens—no small feat. But the scope of the coverage is limited, the quality is uneven and the costs are still high. For many families, an emergency medical procedure means going into debt. Doctors counter that they are overworked and underpaid. The number of properly trained doctors and nurses has not kept pace with demand for care, leaving hospitals thinly staffed, particularly in rural areas. And, unlike their U.S. counterparts, most Chinese doctors are considered civil servants, and are paid accordingly. Some earn less than $500 a month, a token compared to private sector salaries, which are on the rise.
    In most major hospitals, pay depends on meeting patient quotas, ordering tests and prescribing medicine. The incentive is to focus on quantity, not necessarily the quality of care, argued Dr. Zhong Nanshan, a respected Chinese physician. "Think about this: In half a day a single doctor must see fifty or sixty patients," he said. "What does this say about patient access to a doctor and the doctor’s ’space’ to practice good medicine?"
    When things go wrong—or when patients think they do—doctors have little protection. Quite often, a resentful patient and a terrified doctor will negotiate a settlement on the spot. If the doctor refuses to pay up, or is absent when the family comes looking, the situation may escalate. Last October, a patient angry about the outcome of nasal surgery stormed into the hospital, with a 30-cm blade. When he could not find his doctor, he charged at another doctor, who was stabbed to death.
    Morale could hardly be lower. "I regret very much having chosen to study medicine," wrote a Chinese medical student in the English medical journal the Lancet. The proportion of doctors who hoped their children would enter the profession dropped from a disheartening 11% ten years ago to a dismal 7% last year, according to statistics from the Chinese Medical Doctors’ Association.
    At annual meetings in Beijing this week, delegate Bai Yansong, a famous anchorman, suggested China establish Doctor’s Day to increase the public’s respect for the profession. It is not a bad idea, and was no doubt well-intentioned. But keeping China’s doctors safe requires much stronger medicine.
选项
答案 Save the Patients, Save the Angels in White Although China has been revamping its healthcare system over the past decades, the doctor-patient conflict has alarmingly intensified. The causes for the strained doctor-patient relationship, according to the above report, are on several fronts. Firstly, high-quality medical resources are insufficient and poorly distributed. The number of properly trained medical staff fails to meet the demand for care. Doctors are overworked, as an outpatient doctor generally sees 100 to 120 patients a day in a large hospital. Brief visits potentially lead to wrong treatment and as a result, compound patient frustration. Secondly, doctors are underpaid and have little protection. This harms the morale in the Chinese public, pulling people back from entering the medical profession. A vicious circle thus begins. Aware of this grim reality, I think it is high time we took actions to help the doctor-patient relationship return to normal. The government should start with accelerating the creation of a sound medical care system. More money needs to be spent on staffing hospitals with sufficient and qualified medical workers. Also, it is necessary to break the tie between doctors’ income and hospitals’ profitability, so that doctors will not feel the need to prescribe more medicine and treatments than necessary to increase their income. This will go far toward redeeming the image of doctors and rebuilding doctor-patient trust. Next, a mechanism for resolving disputes between patients and hospitals in a lawful and appropriate manner should be promoted to the public. For the legislature, it is advisable to crack down on attacks on doctors by making troublemaking in hospitals a criminal offence. For the patients, legal assistance should be the first resort to settling conflicts. But the premise is that patients are provided with legal channels to have their problems solved. In conclusion, it is insufficient medical resources and mistrust between doctors and patients that deteriorate the patient-doctor relationship. To solve this problem, in addition to reforming the medical industry, bridging the communication gap between doctors and patients is also important.
解析     材料开篇以一个年轻医生遭受病人家属谴责的案例，引出“医务人员频繁遭受暴力事件”这一社会现象。中间五段解释了这一现象出现的复杂原因：从病人方面看，医保覆盖范围有限(the scope．．．is limited)，医疗质量参差不齐(the quality is uneven)且费用高昂(costs are still high)，造成病人不满；而从医生方面看，他们往往工作超负荷(overworked)且报酬低(underpaid)。此外，由于医生工资与就诊数量(focus on quantity)挂钩，导致医疗质量下降，引起病人不满，更加剧了患者的报复心理，医生又缺乏足够的安保(have little protection)，于是选择医生职业的人更少，形成恶性循环。最后一段引用主持人白岩松的建议：成立医生节(Doctor’s Day)，提高公众对医生这个职业的尊重。
    开篇：结合材料，总结医患关系紧张的原因。接着提出要团结一致，努力改善医患关系。
    主体：针对具体问题，给出具体的解决办法，如健全医疗体系，加强医务人员的训练，制定相关法律保障医务人员的人身安全。
    结尾：总结全文，重申消除医生与病人之间的必要性。
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