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Cardiologists have pioneered the world’s first non-surgical bypass operation to turn a vein into an artery using a new technique

admin2015-04-10  51
问题     Cardiologists have pioneered the world’s first non-surgical bypass operation to turn a vein into an artery using a new technique to divert blood flow in a man with severe heart disease. The keyhole procedure, which avoids the extensive invasive surgery of a conventional bypass, will offer hope to tens of thousands of people at risk from heart attacks.
    Coronary heart disease, where the arteries are progressively silted up with fatty deposits, is responsible in a major industrial country like Britain for more than 160,000 deaths each year. Although major heart surgery is becoming commonplace, with more than 28,000 bypass operations in the UK annually, it is traumatic for patients and involves a long recovery period.
    The new technique was carried out by an international team of doctors who performed the non-invasive surgery on a 53-year-old German patient. According to a special report in Circulation, journal of the American Heart Association, cardiologists developed a special catheter which was inserted into one of his leg arteries, threaded up through the aorta to the top of the diseased artery, which was the only part still open and receiving blood. Then, guided by ultrasound, a physician pushed a needle from inside the catheter through the artery wall and into the adjacent vein. A thin, flexible wire was threaded through the needle and the needle and catheter were withdrawn, leaving the wire behind and a small angioplasty balloon, which was used to widen the channel. Finally, the vein was blocked off just above the new channel allowing blood from the artery to be re-routed down the vein.
    After the procedure, the vein effectively became an artery, carrying blood in the reverse direction from the previous way, and feeding the starved heart tissue with oxygen.
    Dr. Stephen Oesterle, who led the team, said, "This milestone marks the first coronary artery bypass performed with a catheter. The technology offers a realistic hope for truly minimally invasive bypass procedures in the future. One of the most invasive things you can do in medicine is coronary artery bypass surgery. Our ultimate goal is to replace traditional coronary artery bypass with a procedure that does not require surgery. " Dr. Oesterle is director of cardiology at Massachusetts General Hospital and associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School in Boston. Melanie Raddon, cardiac nurse at the British Heart Foundation, said it was likely to be many years before the procedure was routinely used in hospitals.
Compared to conventional bypass procedure, the new bypass treatment
选项 A、makes the patient feel less painful and recover sooner.
B、is an extensive invasive surgery employing high technology.
C、can bring an artery into vein without surgery.
D、can progressively silt up with fatty deposits.
答案A
解析 和传统的心脏搭桥技术相比，新的搭桥疗法[A]不会让患者那么痛苦，并且恢复得更快。[B]是使用高科技的广泛侵入性手术。[C]可以不用做手术就能变动脉为静脉。[D]可以逐步地使脂肪沉积物阻塞(动脉)。本文的第一段、第二段和最后一段的一部分内容比较了新的技术和传统上的心脏搭桥技术的区别。考生可利用排除法解题。[A]的内容符合原文第二段最后一句话的论述：以前的手术给患者带来创伤，并需要长时间的恢复期，可以推断出新的技术减少病人的痛苦，而且恢复期也比较短。[B]错，因为原文第一段第一句话就指明新的技术是non—surgical(不需要手术的)．[C]错，因为第一句话指出，这项技术turn a vein into an artery(变静脉为动脉)，而不是变动脉为静脉；[D]解释了人类患冠心病的原因，与新技术无关。
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