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  3. All Sumerian cities recognized a number of gods in common, including the sky god, the lord of storms, and the morning and evenin

All Sumerian cities recognized a number of gods in common, including the sky god, the lord of storms, and the morning and evenin

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问题     All Sumerian cities recognized a number of gods in common, including the sky god, the lord of storms, and the morning and evening star. 【C1】______the Sumerian worshipped the goddess of fertility, love, and war, she was evidently lower 【C2】______status than the male gods, indicating that in a more urbanized society the 【C3】______that the peoples of previous times had paid to the earth mother goddess had【C4】______. The gods seemed hopelessly violent and 【C5】______, and one’ s life a period of slavery at their easy will. The epic poem The Creation emphasizes that 【C6】______were created to enable the gods to 【C7】______ up working. Each city moreover had its own god, who was considered to【C8】______the temple literally and who was in theory the owner of all property within the city.
    【C9】______the priests who interpreted the will of the god and controlled the【C10】______of the economic produce of the city were favored【C11】______ their supernatural and material functions【C12】______. When, after 3,000 B. C., growing warfare among the cities made military leadership【C13】______, the head of the army who became king assumed a (n) 【C14】______position between the god, whose agent he was, and the priestly class, whom he had both to use and to 【C15】______ . Thus king and priests represented the upper class in a hierarchical society. 【C16】______them were the scribes, the secular attendants of the temple, who【C17】______every aspect of the city’s economic life and who developed a rough judicial system. 【C18】______ the temple officials, society was divided among an elite or 【C19】______group of large landowners and military leaders; a mixed group of merchants, artisans, and craftsmen, free peasants who【C20】______the majority of the population; and slaves.
【C15】
选项 A、pacify
B、tempt
C、suppress
D、manipulate
答案A
解析 考查动词辨析。空格所在部分是whom引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the priestly class。将先行词放入从句中，句子的完整形式是：He had the priestly class both to use and to______，其中both…and连接两个并列的不定式作后置定语。可见，空格处填入的动词的逻辑宾语是“僧侣阶层”。pacify意为“使…平静，抚慰”；tempt意为“诱惑，鼓动”；suppress意为“镇压，压制”；manipulate意为“操纵，(暗中)控制”。从上文可知，国王和僧侣都是神的代言人，但国王居于僧侣之上，因此他们之间的关系不应是“诱惑”或“镇压”。如果选择manipulate，与use在含义上出现重复，也应排除。因此A．pacify，为正确答案。
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