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  3. 【F1】 Polls, including one carried out in four large countries by the Kaiser Family Foundation, an American think-tank, and The E

【F1】 Polls, including one carried out in four large countries by the Kaiser Family Foundation, an American think-tank, and The E

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问题      【F1】 Polls, including one carried out in four large countries by the Kaiser Family Foundation, an American think-tank, and The Economist, find that most people in good health hope that, when the time comes, they will die at home. And few, when asked about their hopes for their final days, say that their priority is to live as long as possible. Rather, they want to die free from pain, at peace, and surrounded by loved ones for whom they are not a burden.
    Some deaths are unavoidably miserable. Not everyone will be in a condition to toast death’s imminence with champagne, as Anton Chekhov did. What people say they will want while they are well may change as the end nears (one reason why doctors are sceptical about the instructions set out in "living wills" ). Dying at home is less appealing if all the medical kit is at the hospital. 【F2】 A treatment that is unbearable in the imagination can seem like the lesser of two evils when the alternative is death. Some patients will want to fight until all hope is lost.
    【F3】 But too often patients receive drastic treatment in spite of their dying wishes—by default, when doctors do "everything possible", as they have been trained to, without talking through people’s preferences or ensuring that the prognosis is clearly understood. Just a third of American patients with terminal cancer are asked about their goals at the end of life, for example whether they wish to attend a special event.
    【F4】 This newspaper has called for the legalisation of doctor-assisted dying, so that mentally fit, terminally ill patients can be helped to end their lives if that is their wish. But the right to die is just one part of better care at the end of life. The evidence suggests that most people want this option, but that few would, in the end, choose to exercise it. To give people the death they say they want, medicine should take some simple steps.
    More palliative care is needed. This neglected branch of medicine deals with the relief of pain and other symptoms, such as breathlessness, as well as counselling for the terminally ill. 【F5】 Until recently it was often dismissed as barely medicine at all; mere tea and sympathy when all hope has gone. Even in Britain, where the hospice movement began, access to palliative care is patchy. Recent studies have shown how wrongheaded that is. Providing it earlier in the course of advanced cancer alongside the usual treatments turns out not only to reduce suffering, but to prolong life, too.
【F4】
选项
答案本刊曾呼吁“医生协助死亡”合法化，让神智清醒的临终病人可以在医生的帮助下结束生命——如果这是其意愿的话。
解析 本句为复合句。主干为This newspaper has called for the legalisation of doctor-assisted dying，so that引导的为结果状语从句，if引导的为条件状语从句。在翻译被动语态时，可以译成汉语被动句，使用“被、受、遭、让、给、由、把、得到、受到、加以、得以、为……所、由…… 来”等等。例如，He had been fired for refusing to obey orders from the head office．他因拒绝听从总公司的命令而被解雇了。
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