根据快递企业(express delivery enterprise)的性质及规模,可将我国快递企业分为四类。一是外资企业,外资快递企业具有丰富的经验、雄厚的资金和发达的全球网络;二是国有企业,国有快递企业依靠其背最优势和完善的国内网络在快递市场处于领

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问题   根据快递企业(express delivery enterprise)的性质及规模,可将我国快递企业分为四类。一是外资企业,外资快递企业具有丰富的经验、雄厚的资金和发达的全球网络;二是国有企业,国有快递企业依靠其背最优势和完善的国内网络在快递市场处于领先地位;三是大型民营企业,大型民营快递企业在局部市场站稳脚跟后,已逐步向全国扩张;四是小型民营企业,这类快递企业规模小、经营灵活但管理比较混乱,主要经营特定区域的同城快递(intra-city express delivery)和省内快递业务。

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答案  According to the nature and scale, express delivery enterprises in China can be divided into four kinds, namely foreign-funded enterprises, state-owned enterprises, large-sized private enterprises and small-sized private enterprises. The foreign-funded enterprises have rich experience, sufficient funds and a developed global network; the state-owned enterprises lead the market due to their advantageous background and widespread domestic network; the large-sized private enterprises gain a foothold in local markets and have gradually expanded to the rest of the country; the small-sized private enterprises, characterized by the small scale, flexible operation and messy management, specialize in intra-city and provincial express delivery in specific regions.

解析       1.第一句中,出现了两次“快递企业”,翻译时可将前半句中的“快递企业”省略不译,即将前半句译为According to the nature and scale。
      2.第二句为四个并列分句。“一是……”“二是……”“三是……”“四是……”为汉语短句结构,在英文中并不常见。为使译文意思更清楚,结构更清晰,应先将四个分类放在一起总述,然后分述每个类别的特点。
      3.第二句中的“已逐步向全国扩张”是指在局部市场发展之后,向全国其他地区扩张,因此译为have gradually expanded to the rest of the country。
      4.第二句中的“规模小”“经营灵活”和“管理比较混乱”是三个并列结构,都是小型民营企业的特点,因此用characterized by引出这类企业的三个特点。此分句中的“主要经营”是指专门经营或善于经营,所以用specialize in来表达。
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