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  3. American Scientists Try to Develop Artificial Blood Vessel with the Skin Cell Scientists have grown blood vessels for kidney

American Scientists Try to Develop Artificial Blood Vessel with the Skin Cell Scientists have grown blood vessels for kidney

admin2013-07-08  58
问题         American Scientists Try to Develop Artificial Blood Vessel with the Skin Cell
    Scientists have grown blood vessels for kidney patients from their own cells, making it easier and safer for them to use dialysis machines, a new study says.
    Todd McAllister of Cytograft Tissue Engineering in California and colleagues implanted lab-grown blood vessels into 10 patients with advanced kidney disease in Argentina and Poland from 2004 to 2007.
    Early results for two of these patients were announced in 2005. In 2007, the scientists published preliminary findings for another 4 patients in the New England Journal of Medicine. In the most recent study, published in the medical journal Lancet, scientists reported on the new blood vessels in those same patients and 4 others.
    Dialysis patients need a vessel to connect them to dialysis machines. This can be made from their own vessels ~ But because dialysis is done so regularly, kidney patients often run out of healthy vessels and need an artificial one. Those are prone to infection.
    In the study, doctors took a small piece of skin from patients. Ceils from those samples were grown in a lab, to help them produce proteins. From those, scientists made sheets of tissue that were rolled into blood vessels 6 to 8 inches long. The vessels were finished after 6 to 9 months. All of the vessels were implanted into patients’ upper arms, to connect them to dialysis machines.
    The vessels failed in three of the patients, which experts said was not surprising in patients so seriously ill. One other patient withdrew from the study and another died of unrelated causes. In the five remaining patients, the vessels worked for at least 6 to 20 months after they were implanted. Afterwards, those patients needed fewer interventions, including surgeries, to maintain the vessels than regular dialysis patients.
    The study was paid for by Cytograft Tissue Engineering. McAllister said he and colleagues plan to test similar devices in patients with heart and leg problems.
    "It’s difficult to predict what will happen next, but they are on the right track." Vladimir Mironov of the Medical University of South Carolina said. But he worried the vessels, which cost between $ 15,000 and $ 20,000 might be too expensive to be used widely. Dr. Bryan Becker, president of the National Kidney Foundation in the US, said about haft of kidney patients could benefit from these vessels if further tests confirm they work.
Which of the following is true about the study?
选项 A、The study was carried out in California, Argentina and Poland.
B、The conclusive findings were published in 2007.
C、Only half of the patients could successfully make use of the vessels.
D、The patients don’t need any surgeries to maintain the vessels.
答案C
解析 推理判断题.由题干中的study定位到第二、三段和第六段。由第六段第三句可知，只有五位病人的手术是成功的，连接管的使用寿命达到了6到20个月。第二段说明，参与实验的病人总数为10名.因此[G]“只有半数的病人可以成功地使用连接管”为正确答案。由第二段可知，进行实验的是位于美国加利福尼亚州的生物工程公司，但实验的病人只有阿根廷和波兰的，所以排除[A]；第三段第三句只说最近的研究成果发表在《柳叶刀》医学专刊中，并没有给出时间，故排除[B]；第六段第四句说实验中的病人与普通病人相比，需要的人为干预要少，但没说手术干预一点都不需要，故排除[D]。
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