设f(x)在[a,b]上连续且单调减少.证明:当0<k<1时,∫0kf(x)dx≥k∫01f(x)dx.

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问题 设f(x)在[a,b]上连续且单调减少.证明:当0<k<1时,∫0kf(x)dx≥k∫01f(x)dx.

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答案0kf(x)dx一k∫01f(x)dx=∫0kf(x)dx一k[∫0kf(x)dx+∫k1f(x)dx] =(1一k)∫0kf(x)dx—k∫k1f(x)dx=k(1一k)[f(ξ1)一f(ξ2)] 其中ξ1∈[0,k],ξ2∈[k,1].因为0<k<1且f(x)单调减少, 所以∫0kf(x)dx—k∫01f(x)dx=k(1一k)[f(ξ1)一f(ξ2)]≥0,故∫0kf(x)dx≥k∫01f(x)dx. 又固为f(x)单调减少,所以f(kx)≥f(x),两边积分得∫01f(kx)dx≥∫01f(x)dx, 故k∫01f(kx)dx≥k∫01f(x)dx,即∫0kf(x)dx≥k∫01f(x)dx.

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