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  3. Cyberspace (网络空间), data superhighways, multi media—for those who have seen the future , the linking of computers, television and

Cyberspace (网络空间), data superhighways, multi media—for those who have seen the future , the linking of computers, television and

admin2012-07-17  30
问题     Cyberspace (网络空间), data superhighways, multi media—for those who have seen the future , the linking of computers, television and telephones will change our lives for ever. Yet for all the talk of a forthcoming technological utopia (乌托邦) little attention has been given to the implications of these developments for the poor. As with all new high technology, while the West concerns itself with the "how", the question of "for whom" is put aside once again.
    Economists are only now realizing the full extent to which the communications revolution has affected the world economy. Information technology allows the extension of trade across geographical and industrial boundaries, and transnational corporations take full advantage of it. Terms of trade, exchange and interest rates and money movements are more important than the production of goods. The electronic economy made possible by information technology allows the haves to increase their control on global markets—with destructive impact on the have-nots.
    For them the result is instability, developing countries which rely on the production of a small range of goods for export are made to feel like small parts in the international economic machine. As "futures" (期货) are traded on computer screens, developing countries simply have less and less control of their destinies.
    So what are the options for regaining control? One alternative is for developing countries to buy in the latest computers and telecommunications themselves—so-called "development communications" modernization. Yet this leads to long-term dependency and perhaps permanent constraint on developing countries’ economies.
    Communications technology is generally exported from the US, Europe or Japan; the patents, skills and ability to manufacture remain in the hands of a few industrialized countries. It is also expensive, and imported products and services must therefore be bought on credit—credit usually provided by the very countries whose companies stand to gain.
    Furthermore, when new technology is introduced there is often too low a level of expertise to exploit it for native development. This means that while local elites, foreign communities and subsidiaries of transnational corporations may benefit, those whose lives depend on access to the information are denied it
Why does the author say that the electronic economy may have a destructive impact on developing countries?
选项 A、Because it enables the developed countries to control the international market.
B、Because it destroys the economic balance of the poor countries.
C、Because it violates the national boundaries of the poor countries.
D、Because it inhibits the industrial growth of developing countries.
答案D
解析 本题问作者为何说电子经济会给发展中国家带来毁灭性的影响。利用查阅式阅读法，我们可以在文章第三段和第四段中找到相关信息。这两段指出，电子经济给发展中国家带来的毁灭性影响表现在多方面，首先是经济发展的不稳定性，其次是发展中国家越来越不能掌握自己的命运，要掌握命运就得向发达国家购买技术，但这又长期制约了自己的经济发展(参阅第四段最后一句)。因此，本题的正确答案应是选项D“因为它抑制了发展中国家的工业发展”。选项A、C与文中内容无关，选项B表述错误。因此，A、C和B均为错误选项。
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