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  3. A latest study suggest that expressing emotions about a traumatic experience in a coherent way may be important to not just ment

A latest study suggest that expressing emotions about a traumatic experience in a coherent way may be important to not just ment

admin2016-10-15  20
问题     A latest study suggest that expressing emotions about a traumatic experience in a coherent way may be important to not just mental but physical health as well. It showed that the calming effect of writing can cut physical wound healing time nearly in half.
    Researchers led by Elizabeth Broadbent, a senior lecturer in health psychology at the University of Auckland in New Zealand, studied 49 healthy senior citizens, aged 64 to 97. For three days, half were assigned to write for 20 minutes a day about the most traumatic event they had experienced, and were encouraged to be as open and candid as they could. The other participants wrote for the same duration about their plans for the next day, avoiding mentioning their feelings, opinions or beliefs. Two weeks after the first day of writing, researchers took small skin biopsies, under local anesthesia, that left a wound on the arms of all participants. The skin tissue was used for another study. A week later, Broadbent and her colleagues started photographing the wounds every three to five days until they were completely healed. Eleven days after the biopsy, 76% of the group that had written about trauma had fully healed while only 42% of the other group had.
    However, it’s not the first, to reveal the intriguing connection between state-of-mind and physical health. In previous studies, this type of emotionally expressive writing, as opposed to writing on neutral topics, reduced viral load in HIV-positive patients and increased their levels of virus-fighting immune cells. The practice also increased the effectiveness of the hepatitis B vaccination by increasing antibody levels generated by the vaccine and speeding wound healing in young men.
    But in terms of psychological health, the results are more conflicting. A recent study found that writing about disturbing combat experiences may improve marital satisfaction among soldiers returning home from war zones while another paper in which patients with post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)wrote about their difficult experiences did not find that the practice reduced symptoms. Putting emotions down in words did, however, improve mood and reduce levels of stress hormone in these patients.
    One way that writing about distressing events could give the body a boost is by promoting sleep. "Many people who have written about their negative experiences report that it allowed them to gain greater insight into what happened and to put the event into perspective," says Koschwanez, "This might reduce the extent to which the event troubles them and possibly improve their sleep. "
    The writing may also help the body by reducing stress; less anxiety means fewer stress hormones, which can interfere with chemicals needed for wound healing. While Broadbent’s study did not find such a link, it’s possible the researchers were not evaluating the right anxiety measures. "It might be that our perceived stress questionnaire was not assessing the right type or duration of stress," says Koschwanez, a study co-author and postdoctoral fellow at the University of Auckland.
    It’s also possible that emotional writing is not helpful for everyone. In one study published last month, when people who typically are stoic wrote about their worst trauma, their anxiety actually increased. That suggests that pushing people to express feelings when they are not inclined to do so can actually increase risk for PTSD.
Reducing stress is helpful for physical health because______.
选项 A、less stress means greater insight into what happened and to put the event into perspective
B、it can improve mood
C、it can improve marital satisfaction:
D、stress hormones can interfere with chemicals needed for wound healing
答案D
解析 本题考查考生对第六段中有关情绪表达型写作有利于身体健康的第二个原因——减轻压力，以及为什么减轻了压力就有助于身体健康的理解。第六段第一句后半句指出，更少的焦虑(压力)意味着更少的应激激素，而应激激素会干扰身体产生伤口愈合所需的化学元素，也就是说，减少了压力，就减少了对伤口愈合所需的化学元素的干扰。因此[D]是正确答案。[A]是第五段关于情绪表达型写作可以增进睡眠的原因的表示，与减少压力无关；[B][C]是文中所述关于情绪表达型写作对于心理健康(情绪，婚姻满意度等等)的影响，与题目所问的物理性的身体健康没有关系，也不是减轻压力有助于身体健康的原因，均不正确。
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