2. 外语
  3. Why Drug Testing Is Needed A)The illicit drug trade in America has fast become a $110 billion annual business. According to the

Why Drug Testing Is Needed A)The illicit drug trade in America has fast become a $110 billion annual business. According to the

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问题                          Why Drug Testing Is Needed
A)The illicit drug trade in America has fast become a $110 billion annual business. According to the Research Triangle Institute, A North Carolina-based research organization, drug abuse cost the U.S. economy $ 60 billion in 1983, nearly a 30 percent increase from the more than $ 47 billion estimated for 1980.
B)No one seriously disputes that drug abuse in the workplace is a serious and growing problem for both public and private employers. Increasingly, the problem continues to contribute to the high rate of employee absenteeism, rising health care costs, a high rate of accidents, and the low productivity of our work force. It has been aptly called an American tragedy.
C)The possibility of protests within certain shops also exists. Job actions not for more pay but to be a free citizen at work could put some heat on certain company officials.
D)Take the Los Angeles Times. Its editorial page has been among the most forceful and lucid in the nation in fighting to keep the Bill of Rights in working order. Yet, according to Daniel Jussim, writing in the ACLU’ s Civil Liberties newsletter, The "Los Angeles Times, though its director of employee relations says there’ s no particular drug problem at his newspaper, recently adopted a mandatory urinalysis program ’to stay current with what other employers are doing.’"
E)Imagine the impact in Los Angeles if Anthony Day, the civil libertarian who is editor of the Los Angeles Times’ editorial page, were to lead a picket line outside the paper with such signs as:
JAMES OTIS, FATHER OF THE FOURTH AMENDMENT, FOUGHT BRITISH GENERAL SEARCH WARRANTS ON BEHALF OF WORKING PEOPLE—NOT JUST PUBLISHERS.
F)The need for alliances to preserve what’s left of privacy grows greater by the day. Charles Seabrook writes of new tests that can "detect the presence of the abnormal levels of chemicals found in patients with severe depression, schizophrenia, and manic-depression ... that can detect chemical ’ markers ’ that may mean a person is at high risk of developing diabetes, arthritis, or cancer... That can screen for more than 150 genetic disease, including sickle cell anemia... and cystic fibrosis."
G)Would an employer hire someone who is at risk of developing cancer? Should an employer have access to such private information?
H)On a more modest level, a new test developed by Werner Baumgartner, a Los Angeles chemist, bypasses such old-time procedures as requiring the random suspect to urinate into a cup or bottle. The new test uses radiation on hair and discloses not only what drugs have been taken but when they were taken, something urinalysis can’ t do.
I)As for coming attractions that verify the prescience of George Orwell, The Washington Post reported in mid-1984, "Researchers in academia and industry say it is now possible to envision a product that could instantaneously assess whether employees are concentrating on their jobs by analyzing their brain waves as they work."
J)There isn’t much time left to create, in law, the best possible defenses against government and employer intrusions into privacy, including intrusions that now seem inconceivable.
American tragedy means a series of problems caused by drug abuse.
选项
答案B
解析 题干：美国的悲剧指的是由药物滥用引起的一系列的问题。题干关键词是American tragedy，problems和drug ablase。B段第二三句提到，这个问题继续造成员工旷工率增高，医疗费用上升，事故率上升，低劳动力生产率。这种现象被形象地称为一个美国的悲剧。与题干意思吻合，故选B。
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