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  3. Scientists, conservation organizations and governments trying to stem the tide of extinction often focus efforts on protected ar

Scientists, conservation organizations and governments trying to stem the tide of extinction often focus efforts on protected ar

admin2022-11-01  52
问题     Scientists, conservation organizations and governments trying to stem the tide of extinction often focus efforts on protected areas such as national parks and wildlife preserves. But with as many as a million species at risk, this strategy may not be enough to conserve wildlife, especially in a world increasingly disrupted by climate change.
    Slowing the mass extinction that now appears to be underway will require more creative means of coexisting alongside wild plants and animals. A recent study underlines the effectiveness of some such approaches by examining indigenous-managed lands.
    "We show really strongly that, from a biodiversity standpoint in terms of species richness, indigenous-managed lands are at least comparable to protected areas," says biologist Richard Schuster of Carleton University. And in some places, they far surpass parks and preserves—even though indigenous communities may utilize their lands’ resources by hunting or searching for food.
    Schuster and his team analyzed more than 15,000 areas in Australia, Brazil and Canada. They found that the total diversity of birds, mammals, amphibians and reptiles was highest on lands either managed or co-managed by indigenous groups, whereas randomly selected locations with no formal protection were the least biodiverse. For threatened species in particular, indigenous lands scored slightly higher than protected lands on overall species richness in Brazil and Canada, as well as higher for threatened amphibians and reptiles in Australia, mammals in Brazil, and birds and reptiles in Canada. The results were published last November in Environmental Science and Policy.
    Each country has a different geography and climate. Yet remarkably, Schuster says, the best indicator for species diversity is whether a given area was managed by an indigenous community. He points out that practices such as sustainable hunting and fishing, as well as prescribed burning, are more likely to occur in such areas. Don Hankins, an ecologist at California State University, Chico, who is a member of the Plains Miwok indigenous nation and was not involved in the study, agrees. "There’s probably going to be more of a connection to the land," he says, "and a use of the land for the things that are there, compared to a national park."
    "It’s really important to listen to the people who live on the land and have them drive the management efforts going forward," Schuster says, adding that partnering with indigenous communities may enable the world’s countries to better meet a wide range of conservation goals: "We really need all the help we can get as a global community to avert the extinction crisis that we’re facing right now."
Don Hankins holds that in indigenous communities, people__________.
选项 A、consider biodiversity more when exploiting lands
B、are excluded from using their lands
C、have not achieved the original goal of conservation
D、need to publicize their experience of land management
答案 A
解析 根据题干关键词Don Hankins可以定位到第五段第四句，该句指出他同意Schuster的观点，接着第五句是Don Hankins的原话：“与国家公园相比，这里的人们与土地的联系可能会更紧密，在利用土地资源时也会考虑生活在这里的生物。”也就是说，原住民在利用土地时会更多地考虑生物多样性，选项[A]与此相对应，故为答案。
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