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  3. The agricultural revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things: the invention of labor-saving machinery and the devel

The agricultural revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things: the invention of labor-saving machinery and the devel

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问题     The agricultural revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things: the invention of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture. Labor-saving machinery naturally appeared first where labor was scarce. "In Europe," said Thomas Jefferson, "the object is to make the most of their land, labor being abundant; here it is to make the most of our labor, land being abundant. " It was in America, therefore, that the great advances in nineteenth century agricultural machinery first came.
    At the opening of the century, with the exception of a crude plow, farmers could have carried practically all of the existing agricultural implements on their backs; by 1860, most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form. The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow. As early as 1790 Charles Newbold of New Jersey had been working on the idea of a cast-iron plow and spent his entire fortune in introducing his invention. The farmers, however, would have none of it, claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and made the weeds grow. Nevertheless, many people devoted their attention to the plow, until in 1869 James Oliver of South Bend, Indiana, turned out the first chilled-steel plow.
Which of the following can be inferred from what Thomas Jefferson said?
选项 A、Europe had greater need of farm machinery than American did.
B、There was a shortage of workers on American farms.
C、Europe was changing more quickly than America.
D、America was finally running out of good farmland.
答案B
解析 本题是一道引申推断类题目。而题干中又有提示信息托马斯·杰弗逊，所以，我们可以利用查阅式阅读法，在文章第一段第三句话和第四句话中找到相关的信息。这两句话指出，托马斯·杰弗逊说过：“在欧洲由于劳动力过剩，其目的是实现土地的最大产出；而我们的目的是充分利用我们的劳力，因为我们有丰富的土地资源。”由此，我们可以推断出本题的正确答案应是B“美国农场土地资源丰富，但是缺少劳动力”。
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