首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
But the real world eventually penetrates even the ivory tower. Exactly how humanity became human is still a matter of debate. Bu
But the real world eventually penetrates even the ivory tower. Exactly how humanity became human is still a matter of debate. Bu
admin
2015-09-30
26
问题
But the real world eventually penetrates even the ivory tower. Exactly how humanity became human is still a matter of debate. But there are. at least, some well-formed hypotheses.【F1】
What these hypotheses have in common is that they rely not on Spencer’s idea of individual competition, but on social interaction.
That interaction is. indeed, sometimes confrontational and occasionally bloody. But it is frequently collaborative, and even when it is not. it is more often manipulative than violent.
Modern Darwinism’s big breakthrough was the identification of the central role of trust in human evolution. People who are related collaborate on the basis of nepotism.【F2】
It takes outrageous profit or provocation for someone to do down a relative with whom they share a lot of genes. Trust, though. allows the unrelated to collaborate, by keeping score of who docs what when, and punishing cheats.
Very few animals can manage this. Indeed, outside the primates, only vampire bats have been shown to trust non relatives routinely.【F3】
(Well-fed bats will give some of the blood they have swallowed to hungry neighbours, but expect the favour to be returned when they are hungry and will deny favours to those who have cheated in the past.)
【F4】
The human mind, however, seems to have evolved the trick of being able to identify a large number of individuals and to keep score of its relations with them, delecting the dishonest or greedy and taking vengeance, even at some cost to itself.
This process may even be—as Matt Ridley, who wrote for this newspaper a century and a half after Spencer, described it—the origin of virtue.
The new social Darwinists(those who see society itself, rather than the savannah or the jungle, as the "natural" environment in which humanity is evolving and to which natural selection responds)have not abandoned Spencer altogether, of course. But they have put a new spin on him. The ranking by wealth of which Spencer so approved is but one example of a wider tendency for people to try to out-do each other. And that competition, whether athletic, artistic or financial, does seem to be about genetic display.【F5】
Unfakeable demonstrations of a superiority that has at least some underlying genetic component arc almost unfailingly attractive to the opposite sex. Thus both of the things needed to make an economy work, collaboration and competition, seem to have evolved under Charles Darwin ’ s penetrating gaze.
【F5】
选项
答案
一个人的卓越才能至少受到某些潜在的遗传因素影响。真实地、毫无作假地表现自己的卓越才能对异性几乎总有强大的吸引力。因此,使经济得以运转所需的因素中,合作和竞争这两大因素看来是在查尔斯·达尔文的敏锐凝视中进化而来的。
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/DHzZ777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
IndiscussingthesubjectmatterofSF,theauthorfocuseson______.Thistextismostlikelytobe______.
IndiscussingthesubjectmatterofSF,theauthorfocuseson______.Accordingtothelastparagraph,"self-fulfilling"isto
Airis(1)_____,andlikeallmatter,ithasweight.Weightisthemeasureofthe(2)_____ofgravity(3)_____matter.Ifascal
Airis(1)_____,andlikeallmatter,ithasweight.Weightisthemeasureofthe(2)_____ofgravity(3)_____matter.Ifascal
Airis(1)_____,andlikeallmatter,ithasweight.Weightisthemeasureofthe(2)_____ofgravity(3)_____matter.Ifascal
Airis(1)_____,andlikeallmatter,ithasweight.Weightisthemeasureofthe(2)_____ofgravity(3)_____matter.Ifascal
随机试题
网上产品定位
Graves病停用药物时,下列哪项检查对判断该病的预后关系最大?
脑复苏降温后复温的指证是()
创伤性休克即刻采取的扩容措施最好为
患者女,28岁。妊娠38周,突发剧烈持续腹痛,伴恶心、呕吐3小时入院。贫血貌,血压80/50mmHg;腹部检查发现子宫触诊硬如板状,有压痛;胎位及胎心不清;阴道少量流血,宫口未开。该患者最可能的诊断是
急性肾衰患者由少尿期进入多尿期,变化根据是
通货紧缩的情况与通货膨胀相反,某位客户认为通货紧缩是对经济比较好的现象,某理财师提出反对,他的说法正确的是( )。
A公司为建造厂房于2008年4月1日从银行借入4000万元专门借款,借款期限为2年,年利率为6%,不考虑借款手续费。该项专门借款在银行的存款利率为年利率3%,2008年7月1日,A公司采取出包方式委托B公司为其建造该厂房,并预付了2000万元工程款,厂
ABC会计师事务所的A注册会计师系XYZ股份有限公司2005年度会计报表审计的外勤负责人。由于存货不仅种类、品种繁多,且金额很大,根据审计准则的要求,注册会计师决定对存货实施监盘程序。有以下问题需要其考虑并做出判断。
Howtoprotectyourcomputerfrombeingattackedbyavirus:Besuretohaveagoodantivirusprogramandupdateitregular
最新回复
(
0
)