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  3. Parents who consider their kids to be " more special than other children" and feel that they "deserve something extra in life" m

Parents who consider their kids to be " more special than other children" and feel that they "deserve something extra in life" m

admin2016-03-08  36
问题     Parents who consider their kids to be " more special than other children" and feel that they "deserve something extra in life" may now be characterized not only as annoying, but also as responsible for bringing one more self-important narcissist into society.
    New research out of the Netherlands published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that children who were overvalued by their parents scored higher on tests to identify narcissism(自恋)than their peers.
    " Children believe it when their parents tell them that they are more special than others. That may not be good for them or for society," Brad Bushman, co-author of the study and an Ohio State University professor, said in a statement.
    Eddie Brummelman, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands and another author on the study, noted that parents often think telling children how special they are compared with their peers will boost their self-confidence. But narcissism is not just a more extreme form of self-confidence: people with high-esteem do not think they’re better than others. According to his research, the more narcissistic children did not necessarily express more self-confidence. "Rather than raising self-esteem, overvaluing practices may inadvertently raise levels of narcissism," Brummelman said.
    Over two years, the team evaluated 565 children in the Netherlands who were between the ages of 7 and 11 years old when the study began. They asked parents how much they agreed with statements like, "My child is a great example for other children to follow," and whether or not they believed their children would have knowledge of various historical and cultural figures and topics, like " Neil Armstrong. " Eventually, the researchers began including entirely fictional figures and topics, " Queen Alberta. " The parents raising little narcissists would often fall for it. " Overvaluing parents tended to claim that their children had knowledge of many different topics—even these nonexistent ones," Brummelman said.
    While parental "overvaluing" was associated with narcissistic offspring, parental warmth was not. Children of parents who expressed warmth by telling their children they loved them, but who did not engage in "overvaluing" behavior, were more likely to agree with statements that suggested they were " happy with themselves as a person and liked the kind of person they were. " In short, parental warmth appears to be closely linked to self-confident kids, not narcissistic kids. The researchers conclude that expressing warmth is key to promoting healthy self-confidence in children.
    Bushman, who is a father of three children, said his research has made him rethink his own parenting style. " When I first started doing this research in the 1990s, I used to think my children should be treated like they were extra-special. I’m careful not to do that now," he said.
What can we infer about "Queen Alberta"?
选项 A、It is a famous character in a fiction.
B、It is ardently discussed among narcissists.
C、It is used to test parental overvaluing.
D、It is connected to various topics.
答案C
解析 推理判断题。定位句指出，“Queen Alberta”是作为fictional figures and topics的例子，而过高评价自己孩子的父母会认为他们的孩子了解这些并不存在的话题。可见，虚构话题可作为判断父母对孩子是否评价过高的试金石，故答案为C)。A)“它是小说里的著名人物”，这是对原文中fictional figures的曲解，fictional的意思是“虚构的”，而不是“小说中的”，故排除；B)“它在自恋者中引起热议”，第五段最后两句是说，自恋孩子的父母认为自己的孩子连虚构的话题也有所了解，并不是说自恋者对这个话题进行了热议，故排除；D)“它与各种话题都有关联”，文中没有提到虚构话题与各种话题都有关联，故排除。
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