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  3. Beginning in the 1950s and 1960s, Japan began developing a reputation for its longevity. By the 1970s, the Japanese were the lon

Beginning in the 1950s and 1960s, Japan began developing a reputation for its longevity. By the 1970s, the Japanese were the lon

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问题     Beginning in the 1950s and 1960s, Japan began developing a reputation for its longevity. By the 1970s, the Japanese were the longest lived of any population in the world. Although genetic predispositions and cultural factors like diet certainly contributed to the long life span of the Japanese, it was the country’s kaihoken, or universal health care, that was largely responsible for boosting quality of life and increasing the country’s life expectancy. In recognition of 50 years of kaihoken, the medical journal Lancet recently published a special issue exploring Japanese longevity. Unfortunately, it’s not all good news.
    Even though Japan continues to have the highest life expectancy in the world, it is on track to be outpaced by other long-lived countries, like Sweden, Italy and Australia. Researchers believe that relatively high rates of tobacco use, changes in diet that have raised body-mass index, and the rising rate of suicide are contributing to Japan’s slowing declines in rates of adult mortality(死亡率). "If recent trends continue, other nations are likely to achieve lower rates of adult mortality than Japan," said Professor Christopher Murray of the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle. He added that Japan’s universal health care system may not be sufficiently nimble enough to address mounting 21st-century health problems. "In an era of economic stagnation, political turmoil(混乱), aging populations and inadequate tobacco control, Japan does not seem to be effective in addressing its new set of health challenges. It will take more than universal access to a low-spending, high-volume health system to tackle these challenges."
    Physical illness is not the only drag on the country’s life expectancy: more than 30 000 Japanese people take their own lives each year, perhaps the continuing aftereffect of the 1997 financial crisis. Still, the biggest health challenge facing the Japanese are related to lifestyle factors like cigarette smoking, obesity and uncontrolled blood pressure—all of which contribute to chronic health problems that tax the public health care system. That system is already strained by the demands of an aging populace(AP)and by injuries associated with recent natural disasters, such as the March 2011 earthquake.
What poses the greatest challenge to the Japanese health?
选项 A、The ongoing aftereffect of the 1997 financial crisis,
B、The high rates of populace committing suicide.
C、The bad lifestyle leading to chronic health problems.
D、The frequent occurrences of natural disasters.
答案C
解析 细节归纳题。定位句提到了日本所面临的最大的健康挑战与吸烟、肥胖和不受控制的血压等生活方式因素有关，所有这些因素都导致了慢性健康问题。因此C)“引起慢性健康问题的不良生活方式”为正确答案。
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