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  3. The United States has a major problem on its hands. The only way to solve it is through education. Negroes(黑人)should know about

The United States has a major problem on its hands. The only way to solve it is through education. Negroes(黑人)should know about

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问题     The United States has a major problem on its hands. The only way to solve it is through education. Negroes(黑人)should know about the contributions that black individuals and groups have made towards building America. This is of vital importance for their self-respect: and it is perhaps even more important for white people to know. For if you believe that a man has no history worth mentioning, it is easy to assume that he has no value as a man.
    Many people believe that, since the Negro’ s achievements do not appear in the history books, he did not have any. Most people are taken aback when they learn that Negroes sailed with Columbus, marched with the Spanish conquerors of South America and fought side by side with white Americans in all their wars. People are astonished when you tell them about Phillis Wheatley, who learned English as a salve in Boston and wrote first-class poetry. They have never heard of Benjamin Banneker, a mathematician and a surveyor, who helped to plan the city of Washington. There has been a tendency all along to treat the black man as if he were invisible. Little has been written about the 5 ,000 American Negroes who fought in the Revolution against the British, but they were in every important battle.
    How, then, did the image of the Negro as a valiant fighting man disappear? To justify the hideous institution of slavery, slave-holders had to create the myth of the docile, slow-witted Negro, incapable of self-improvement, and even contented with his lot. Nothing could be further from the truth. The slave fought for his freedom at every chance he got, and there were numerous uprisings. Yet the myth of docility persisted.
    There are several other areas where the truth has been twisted or concealed. Most people have heard of the Negro, Carver, who invented scores of new uses for the lowly peanut. But whoever heard of Norbert Rillieux, who in 1846 invented a vacuum pan that revolutionized the sugar-refining industry? Or of Elijah McCoy, who in 1872 invented the drip cup that feeds oil to the moving parts of heavy machinery?
    As for the winning of the West, the black cowboy and the black frontiersman have been almost ignored, though film producers are becoming more aware of their importance. Yet in the typical trail crew of eight men that drove cattle from Texas to Kansas, at least two would have been Negroes. The black troops of the Ninth and Tenth Cavalry formed one-fifth of all the mounted troops assigned to protect the frontier after the Civil War. "What difference does it make?" you may ask. A lot. The cowboy is the American folk-hero. Youngsters identify with him instantly. The average cowboy film is really a kind of morality play, with good guys and bad guys and right finally triumphing over wrong. You should see the amazement and happiness on black youngsters’ faces when they learn that their ancestors really had a part in all that.
According to the author, examples such as Rillieux and McCoy______.
选项 A、implied that black people are all talented
B、encouraged more blacks to make inventions
C、spurred the economic development at their times
D、proved Negroes’ great talent in invention
答案D
解析 根据题干中的关键词Rillieux，McCoy，将本题定位到第4段的第3、4句。该段以黑人的各种发明成果例证了黑人在发明方面的创造力。第3、4句具体讲述了题干中两位黑人的发明成果。本段多次使用了invent的各种词性，突出了黑人在发明创造方面的才能。故答案为D(证明黑人在发明创造方面有很大的天赋)。A选项太过绝对，不可能所有黑人都很有才干，故排除；文中列举这两个例子只是为了显示很多黑人也很有创造力，并非为了鼓励他们进行更多的发明创造，故排除B项；C项中的economic development文中根本没有提及，故排除。
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