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  3. Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have【C1】________that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some di

Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have【C1】________that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some di

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问题     Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have【C1】________that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually【C2】________. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women.【C3】________, among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an【C4】________of good health.
    Of even greater【C5】________is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined【C6】________body mass index, or BMI. BMI【C7】________body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity,【C8】________, can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese.
    While such numerical standards seem【C9】________, they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit,【C10】________others with a low BMI may be in poor【C11】________. For example, many collegiate and professional football players【C12】________as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a【C13】________BMI.
    Today we have an【C14】________to label obesity as a disgrace. The overweight are sometimes【C15】________in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes【C16】________with obesity include laziness, lack of will power, and lower prospects for success. Teachers, employers, and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese.【C17】________very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.
    Negative attitudes toward obesity,【C18】________in health concerns, have stimulated a number of anti-obesity【C19】________. My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities. Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives. Michelle Obama has launched a high-visibility campaign【C20】________childhood obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.
【C14】
选项 A、option
B、reason
C、opportunity
D、tendency
答案D
解析 本题考查名词辨析。本填空所在的句子处于本段的首句。其实就是本段的总述句。结合全文的主旨再对本段之后的分述信息进行阅读，可以把握本段其实是批评社会上嘲笑肥胖这一现象。在分述中多次出现一些带有批评倾向的词汇：Stereotypes、biases against、teasing、lookdown、problem。这些词汇说明了作者不认同对肥胖的嘲讽和偏见。而且本文的中心主旨就是为肥胖辩护。综合这些线索，本填空选择一个名词，说明“我们今天有一种________把肥胖贴上耻辱标签”，首先排除的就是B项reason(理由)和C项opportunity(机会)，因为这两个词汇往往属于正面倾向，选择这两个词汇意味着“把肥胖贴上耻辱标签”是正当的，与文章和本段的中心主旨完全矛盾。A项option(选择)也不合适，表达不出负面倾向，并且本段在批评一种客观的社会情况，不涉及主观上是否“选择”这么做(把肥胖视为耻辱)。最佳答案是D项tendency(倾向)，因为这个选项在四个词汇中是批评倾向最强的词汇。
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