2. 外语
  3. To say that the child learns by imitation and that the way to teach is to set a good example oversimplifies. No child imitates e

To say that the child learns by imitation and that the way to teach is to set a good example oversimplifies. No child imitates e

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问题     To say that the child learns by imitation and that the way to teach is to set a good example oversimplifies. No child imitates every action he sees. Sometimes, the example the parent wants him to follow is ignored while he takes over contrary patterns from some other example. Therefore we must turn to a more subtle theory than "Monkey see, monkey do".
    Look at it from the child’s point of view. Here he is in a new situation, lacking a ready response. He is seeking a response which will gain certain ends. If he lacks a ready response for the situation, and cannot reason out what to do, he observes a model who seems able to get the right result. The child looks for an authority or expert who can show what to do.
    There is a second element at work in this situation. The child may be able to attain his immediate goal only to find that his method brings criticism from people who observe him. When shouting across the house achieves his immediate end of delivering a message, he is told emphatically that such a racket(叫嚷)is unpleasant, that he should walk into the next room and say his say quietly. Thus, the desire to solve any objective situation is overlaid with the desire to solve it properly. One of the early things the child learns is that he gets more affection and approval when his parents like his response. Then other adults award some actions and criticize others. If one is to maintain the support of others and his own self-respect, he must adopt responses his social group approves.
    In finding trial responses, the learner does not choose models at random. He imitates the person who seems a good person to be like, rather than a person whose social status he wished to avoid. If the pupil wants to be good violinist, he will observe and try to copy the techniques of capable players; while some other person may most influence his approach to books.
    Admiration of one quality often leads us to admire a person as a whole, and he becomes an identifying figure. We use some people as models over a wide range of situations, imitating much that they do. We learn that they are dependable and rewarding models because imitating them leads to success.
By the last sentence of the first paragraph, the author _____.
选项 A、compares children’s behaviors to monkeys’
B、tells us that children do not learn by imitation
C、thinks it is partial to regard imitation as "Monkey see, monkey do"
D、means that children should not learn by imitating their parents
答案C
解析 首段末句提到，我们应当放弃“小猴看样学样”的观点，转而探索更深奥的理论。而文章首句中也说断言孩子们通过模仿来学习是把问题过于简单化了。结合这两句可知，认为模仿就是“小猴看样学样”有失偏颇，因此选项C为正确答案。
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大学英语六级

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