首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others
admin
2016-01-30
38
问题
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others has been the focus of recent research into the moral development of children. Until recently, child psychologists supported pioneer developmentalist Jean. Piaget in his hypothesis that because of their immaturity, children under age seven do not take into account the intentions of a person committing accidental or deliberate harm, but rather simply assign punishment for on the basis of the magnitude of the negative consequences caused. According to Piaget, children under age seven occupy the first stage of moral development, which is characterized by moral absolutism(rules made by authorities must be obeyed)and imminent justice(if rules are broken, punishment will be meted out). Until young children mature, their moral judgments are based entirely on the effect rather than the cause of a transgression. However, in recent research, Keasey found that six-year-old children not only distinguish between accidental and intentional harm, but also judge intentional harm as naughtier, regardless of the amount of damage produced. Both of these findings seem to indicate that children, at an earlier age than Piaget claimed, advance into the second stage of moral development, moral autonomy, in which they accept social rules but view them as more arbitrary than do children in the first stage.
Keasey’s research raises two key questions for developmental psychologists about children under age seven: do they recognize justifications for harmful actions, and do they make distinctions between harmful acts that are preventable and those acts that have unforeseen harmful consequences? Studies indicate that justifications excusing harmful actions might include public duty, self-defense, and provocation. For example, Nesdale and Rule concluded that children were capable of considering whether or not an aggressor’s action was justified by public duty: five year olds reacted very differently to "Bonnie wrecks Ann’s pretend house" depending on whether Bonnie did it "so somebody won’t fall over it" or because Bonnie wanted "to make Ann feel bad". Thus, a child of five begins to understand that certain harmful actions, though intentional, can be justified; the constraints of moral absolutism no longer solely guide their judgments.
Psychologists have determined that during kindergarten children learn to make distinctions involving harm. Darley observed that among acts involving unintentional harm, six-year-old children just entering kindergarten could not differentiate between foreseeable, and thus preventable, harm and unforeseeable harm for which the perpetrator cannot be blamed. Seven months later, however, Darley found that these same children could make both distinctions, thus demonstrating that they had become morally autonomous.
According to the passage, Darley found that after seven months of kindergarten six year olds acquired which of the following abilities?
选项
A、Differentiating between foreseeable and unforeseeable harm.
B、Identifying with the perpetrator of a harmful action.
C、Justifying harmful actions that result from provocation.
D、Evaluating the magnitude of negative consequences resulting from the breaking of rules.
答案
A
解析
细节推断题。根据题干关键词Darley,six year olds定位到原文尾段第二句。原句提到几个月后他发现孩子们具备了一种能力,指的就是开始不具备的differentiate between foreseeable…harm andunforeseeable harm能力。故答案为A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/H6GO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
The______amongsttheworld’sscientistsisthattheworldislikelytowarmupoverthenextfewdecades.
ThemoodofcomplacencyintheEuropeanUnion(EU)isdrivenlargelybytherecoveryinFranceandGermanyandtheimminentlaun
Mostofustellonetwoliesaday,accordingtoscientistswhostudythesethings.Andwerarelygetcaught,becausetheliesw
ThehistoryofAfrican—Americansduringthepast400yearsistraditionallynarrated【C1】______anongoingstraggleagainst【C
"RefrigeratorproductioninChinajumpedfrom1.4millionunitsin1985to10.6millionin1998,"accordingtoDavidFridley,ar
Byfarthemostcommondifficultyinstudyissimplefailuretogetdowntoregularconcentratedwork.Thisdifficultyismuchg
Don’ttrustthespeakeranymore,sincetheremarkshemadeinhislecturesarenever______withthefacts.
Guthrie’scontiguityprincipleofferspracticalsuggestionsforhowtobreakhabits.Oneapplicationofthethresholdmethod
Guthrie’scontiguityprincipleofferspracticalsuggestionsforhowtobreakhabits.Oneapplicationofthethresholdmethod
Forthispart,youareallowed45minutestowriteacompositionentitledOnFabricatingAcademicCredentials.Youshouldwrite
随机试题
WHO龋病流行程度评价的标准是
某市人民政府依金某申请,作出行政复议决定,撤销市房管局对金某房屋的错误登记,并责令市房管局在一定期限内重新登记。市房管局拒不执行该行政复议决定,金某有权采取下列哪一种措施?
(2013年)下列试验方法中,不能发现并消除系统误差的操作是()。
下列句子中,语意不明确的是()。
物理学习中的审题技能的掌握可能会促进化学等其他学科的审题技能的应用,这在心理学中称_____。
程老师在海报设计课上,以一幅学生作品为例进行展示,让学生进行讨论,总结其优点和不足。程老师以局部为例给学生进行了示范,并鼓励学生大胆尝试,设计出自己心目中的海报。其中没有涉及的教学方法是()。
上海“钓鱼执法”。司机断指鸣冤事件引起社会广泛关注。回答下面小题。该事件引起了上海市政府高度重视,责令相关部门彻查,并将调查结果及时公之于众。政府部门从该事件中得到的警示是()。①政府必须增强依法行政、文明执法意识②政府应增强
要求当鼠标在图片框Picturel中移动时,立即在图片中显示鼠标的位置坐标。下面能正确实现上述功能的事件过程是()。
Lifeasawomaninthecolonial(殖民的)Americaseemsquitedifferentfromitistoday.Womenwereconsideredinferiortomen,afac
Thecomposition(write)______withgreatcarebyMaryyesterday.
最新回复
(
0
)