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  3. TOEFL iBT Writing. In this integrated writing task, you will write a response to a question about a reading passage and a lectur

TOEFL iBT Writing. In this integrated writing task, you will write a response to a question about a reading passage and a lectur

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问题 TOEFL iBT Writing. In this integrated writing task, you will write a response to a question about a reading passage and a lecture. Your response will be scored on the quality of your writing and on how well you connect the points in the lecture with points in the reading. Typically, an effective response will have 150 to 225 words.
Reading Time - 3 minutes
Many anthropologists and linguists have studied storytelling, the accounts of personal experiences that people tell in conversation, because stories reveal a great deal about a person’s worldview. In one study, the researcher analyzed twenty-one stories told in conversation by fourteen young men. In all of the stories, the men talked about themselves, mostly in a way that made them look good. For example, two men told about times when their extraordinary performance had won a game for their team.
The men’s stories tended to be about competition or contest. Most of the stories had a protagonist, a main character or hero, as well as an antagonist, a character or force opposing the main character. When the storyteller was not the protagonist in his own story, the protagonist was always another man. None of the stories had a woman as the protagonist, although women occasionally appeared as minor characters.
Many of the stories were about contests with other men. There were physical contests, such as fights and sports. There were also social contests, in which the protagonist used verbal or intellectual skill to defend his honor. Some of the stories told of contests with nature, such as hunting, fishing, and mountain climbing. The men talked mostly about events in which they had acted alone. In only four of the stories did the protagonist receive help or advice from another person. The vast majority of men who acted alone achieved a positive outcome.
The researcher concluded that these young men view life as a contest, a struggle against nature and other men. In their world, power comes from an individual acting alone against others in a test of skill and performance.
Now listen to the lecture. You may take notes, and you may use your notes to help you write your response. After you hear the question, you have 20 minutes to plan and write your response. You may look at the reading passage during the writing time.
Summarize the points made in the lecture, explaining how they contrast with points made in the reading.
Stop
Time - 20 minutes
Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a linguistics class.
The study about the storytelling of young men reveals themes of individuality and competition. These themes reflect the men’s view of themselves and their position in society. When linguists analyzed the stories told by young women, they noticed certain themes common in their stories as well. The first thing they noticed was that the women’s stories focused on community rather than contest. For the women, community was the source of power.
In the twenty-six stories that were analyzed, almost all of them centered on the norms of the community and on joint action by groups of people. The women told stories about
themselves, about other women, and about men. Half of the stories were about incidents in which they were involved, and half were about things that happened to other people. Some stories were about meeting their boyfriends or about acquiring their pets.
The women told of times when they had departed from social norms and were frightened or embarrassed as a result. They told stories about strange people—people whose behavior violated social norms. In many of the stories, the women made themselves look foolish. For example, one woman told about not realizing she had broken her nose until a doctor told her about it many years later.
A majority of the stories were about people helping other people out of bad situations. In eleven out of the twenty-six stories, the main character received help or advice from others. In fact, when the women told stories about acting alone, the results tended to be negative. Most of the women who acted alone portrayed themselves as suffering a consequence.
Summarize the points made in the lecture, explaining how they contrast with points made in the reading.
选项
答案- The lecture is about stories told by women; the reading is about stories told by men. - The lecture states that the women’s stories focused on community and social norms. In contrast, the men’s stories were mainly about contest or competition. The men’s stories usually had a protagonist and an antagonist. - The women told stories about themselves, about other women, and about men. In contrast, all of the men’s stories were about themselves. - Women often told stories that made them look foolish, while men told stories that made them look good. - The women’s stories were about people helping others, while the men’s stories were about people acting alone. - The women’s stories reveal community as the source of power. In contrast, the men’s stories reveal the individual as the source of power.
解析
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