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  3. Not too many decades ago it seemed "obvious" both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed peop

Not too many decades ago it seemed "obvious" both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed peop

admin2022-01-20  62
问题     Not too many decades ago it seemed "obvious" both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed people’ s natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to kin and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the "obvious" is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else.
    Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than are big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different stifle of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers.
    These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young trouble makers. Moreover, there may be a link between a community’s population size and its social heterogeneity. For instance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to be outcomes of large population size.
It can be inferred from the passage that the bigger a community is, ________.
选项 A、the better its quality of life
B、the more similar its interests
C、the more tolerant and open-minded it is
D、the likelier it is to display psychological symptoms of stress
答案C
解析 推断题。根据题干中的关键词the bigger a community is可确定它与第三段有关。第三段中有两句与题干相关的观点句。一句在中间，由Moreover引出：一个社区的人口和它的社会多样性之间可能有联系；另外是最后一句(seem to be)多样化和与众不同的行为看起来是人口规模大所带来的后果。作者还举例说明：同小镇居民相比，大城市居民可能见识更广，对传统意义上的亲属关系责任心更低，更可能投票给左翼政治候选人，对非传统宗教团体、不受欢迎的政治集团和所谓的不良分子更宽容。从各方面考虑，多样化和异常行为看来是大的人口规模带来的后果。综上所述，C项“更加容忍、思想开明”是对这些句子的概括，故C项为正确答案。
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考研英语二

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