首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that "social epidemics" are driven in large part by the actions of a tiny
In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that "social epidemics" are driven in large part by the actions of a tiny
admin
2016-01-05
47
问题
In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that "social epidemics" are driven in large part by the actions of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well-connected. The idea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn’t explain how ideas actually spread.
The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible-sounding but largely untested theory called the "two-step flow of communication": Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else. Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials, those selected people will do most of the work for them. The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks, brands, or neighborhoods. In many such cases, a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing, promoting, or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention. Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trends.
In their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed. In fact, they don’t seem to be required of all.
The researchers’ argument stems from a simple observation about social influence: With the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don’t interact with that many others. Yet it is precisely these noncelebrity influentials who, according to the two-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive social epidemics, by influencing their friends and colleagues directly. For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of
these people
has little to do with the initial influential. If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant, for example the cascade of change won’t propagate very far or affect many people.
Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence, the researchers studied the dynamics of social influence by conducting thousands of computer simulations of populations, manipulating a number of variables relating to people’ s ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced. They found that the principal requirement for what is called "global cascades"—the widespread propagation of influence through networks—is the presence not of a few influentials but, rather, of a critical mass of easily influenced people.
The underlined phrase "these people" in Paragraph 4 refers to the ones who
选项
A、stay outside the network of social influence.
B、have little contact with the source of influence.
C、are influenced and then influence others.
D、are influenced by the initial influential.
答案
C
解析
含义题。根据题干定位到第四段。通过分析这个短语所在的句子,“For a social epidemic…justhow many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with…”这个句子主要想表达人们是如何彼此影响和被影响的。而C项恰是对这一点的正确表述。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/KCsZ777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
GivenalltheroilingdebatesabouthowAmerica’schildrenshouldbetaught,itmaycomeasasurprisetolearnthatstudentssp
Twoofthemostcommonrumorsaboutimmigrantfamiliesarethattheydon’treallywanttobecomeAmericanandthatthey’readra
Inwhatweliketothinkofas"primitive"warriorcultures,thepassagetomanhoodrequiresthebloodingofaspear,thetaking
Inthisyear’sStateoftheUnionaddress,PresidentObamaoutlinedaplantograduallyraisetheminimumwagefrom$7.25to$9/
Thereisanoldsayingthatphilosophybakesnobread.Itisperhapsequallytruethatnobreadwouldeverhavebeenbakedwitho
AsAmericamovesintothe21stcentury,thechangingcompositionoftheworkforcewillbecomemoreevidenttoboththegeneralp
TheInternet,e-commerceandglobalizationaremakinganeweconomicerapossible.Bythemiddleofthe21stcentury,capitalis
TheInternet,e-commerceandglobalizationaremakinganeweconomicerapossible.Bythemiddleofthe21stcentury,capitalis
Theguyinthenextcubicleisyammeringawayonthephone.Acrosstheroom,someonebeginscursingloudlyatajammedcopymach
Theguyinthenextcubicleisyammeringawayonthephone.Acrosstheroom,someonebeginscursingloudlyatajammedcopymach
随机试题
患者表情淡漠,神志痴呆,喃喃独语,精神抑郁,不思饮食,舌苔白腻,脉弦滑,其治法是()
结算日当日账务处理完毕后,应再将损益各科目总账与分户账核对相符,然后各项收入账户余额转入“本年利润”账户借方,将各项支出账户余额转入“本年利润”账户贷方,结转后损益类账户应无余额。()
哪一项最可能引起声影
A市为了促进城市现代化建设,准备扩大城市规模,征收耕地100公顷建设城市中心商业区。根据规定,该规划应当经过()批准。
他们认为教学目标的类别体现在三个学习领域,即认知领域、情感领域和______。
下列选项中,不属于我国道教名山的一项是()。
许多人喜欢晨练,但从环境角度来看,城市早晨的空气并不新鲜,原因是()。
简述注意的种类及其含义。
中国共产党成立以来不断探索和发展适合中国国情的民主道路,使人民民主在东方大国落地生根、繁荣发展。党的十八大以来,我们党不断深化对民主政治发展规律的认识,践行以人民为中心的发展思想,积极发展全过程人民民主。全过程人民民主()。
A、 B、 C、 C
最新回复
(
0
)