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  3. Marriage and divorce are life-changing events, the effects of which are evident in innumerable ways. Both marriage and divor

Marriage and divorce are life-changing events, the effects of which are evident in innumerable ways. Both marriage and divor

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问题     Marriage and divorce are life-changing events, the effects of which are evident in innumerable ways.
    Both marriage and divorce appear to lead to weight gain among couples, but each occasion affects men and women differently. Researchers from Ohio State University found that women tended to gain more weight than men after marriage, while after a divorce, men’s girth (腰围) expanded more than women’s.
    Previous studies of weight gain have looked at average gains and losses, but Prof. Zhenchao Qian and his student Dmitry Tumin decided to break down the weight effects by gender to better understand whether marital (婚姻的) transitions affected men differently than women.
    The researchers looked at survey data from a nationally representative sample of more than 10,000 men and women who were 14 to 22 years old when the survey began in 1979. The participants were questioned every year until 1994, and then every other year afterward.
    The scientists found interesting gender differences when they focused on the two-year mark after a marriage or divorce. Although both men and women who married tended to gain weight compared with their counterparts who stayed single, women tended to gain more weight than men.
Two years after a divorce, separated partners tended to be heavier compared with couples who remained married, but conversely, men posted larger weight gains than women.
    The study did not dig into what particular lifestyle habits—in diet or physical activity, for example—may have changed after either marriage or divorce to lead to weight gain, but the relationship between weight and life events remained strong after the researchers accounted for potential confounding (混合的) factors such as race, education and income.
    Qian and Tumin have some theories, based on previous research by others on the subject. Following marriage, the researchers suggest, wives may encourage their husbands to adopt a healthier lifestyle, helping men maintain their weight or even lose a few excess pounds. After divorce, however, men may return to their pound-packing habits.
    Women, on the other hand, may tend to eat more and exercise less after getting married and starting a family because of the stresses of child bearing and maintaining a household.
    The effects were strongest among those who were 30 or older at the time they married or divorced. Younger people didn’t show as consistent a pattern in weight gain or loss after such events.
Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
选项 A、The researchers finished the study without any help.
B、Bearing children may cause women to gain weight.
C、Men tend to gain more weight than women after marriage.
D、Married couples tended to be heavier than separated partners.
答案B
解析 事实细节题。根据原文“另一方面，女人在结婚和组建家庭后会因为生孩子和……的压力常常吃得更多，运动得更少”，可知结婚后，女人会因为生孩子体重增加，B)含义与之吻合，故为答案。原文指出在前人对这个问题研究的基础上钱教授提出了一些理论，并且研究需要大量的参与者，因此研究不是他们单独完成的，故排除A)；原文提到女人的体重在婚后要比男人增长得快，故排除C)；原文指出离婚后，分开的配偶与仍然保持婚姻关系的配偶相比体重要重一些，故排除D)。
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大学英语四级

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