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  3. As the horizons of science have expanded, two main groups of scientists have emerged. One is the pure scientist; the other, the

As the horizons of science have expanded, two main groups of scientists have emerged. One is the pure scientist; the other, the

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问题     As the horizons of science have expanded, two main groups of scientists have emerged. One is the pure scientist; the other, the applied scientist.
    The pure or theoretical scientist does original research in order to understand the basic laws of nature that govern our world. The applied scientist adapts this knowledge to practical problems. Neither is more important than the other, however, for the two groups are very much related. Some times, however, the applied scientist finds the "problem" for the theoretical scientist to work on. Let’ s take a particular problem of the aircraft industry: heat-resistant metals. Many of the metals and alloys which perform satisfactorily in a car cannot be used in a jet-propelled plane. New alloys must be used, because the jet engine operates at a much higher temperature than an automobile engine. The turbine wheel in a turbojet must withstand temperatures as high as 1,600 degrees Fahrenheit, so aircraft designers had to turn to the research metallurgist for the development of metals and alloys that would do the job in jet-propelled planes.
    Dividing scientists into two groups is only one broad way of classifying them, however. When scientific knowledge was very limited, there was no need for men to specialize.  Today, with the great body of scientific knowledge, scientists specialize in many different fields. Within each field, there is even further subdivision. And, with finer and finer subdivisions, the various sciences have become more and more interrelated until no one branch is entirely independent of the others. Many new specialties--geophysics and biochemistry, for example--have resulted from combining the knowledge of two or more sciences.
The problem discussed in the second paragraph called for ______.
选项 A、selecting the best hear-resistant metal from existing metals
B、developing a turbine wheel capable of generating hear up to 1, 600 degrees Fahrenheit
C、developing metals and alloys that would withstand terrific temperatures
D、causing the jet engine to operate at higher temperatures
答案C
解析 第二段applied scientist发现很多在car中用得很好的金属不能忍耐飞机的高温，后来又指出aircraft designers had to．．．for the development of metals and alloys that would do the job in jet-propelled planes，选项C表述意思符合。
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