A、In shorthand. B、In short phrases. C、In direct quotations. D、In the student’s own words. D选项均以in开头表明，本题可能考查方式方法。短文中提到了为避免剽窃现象而采

Your assignments this term will be to write two major research papers. One of the most important things about writing a research paper is giving proper credit of your resources of information. Failure to do this is called plagiarism which is a form of intellectual dishonesty.
    Plagiarism is a kind of stealing or at least an unauthorised borrowing of someone else’s ideas. Sometimes inexperienced students will plagiarise unintentionally, and then be surprised when the teacher won’t accept their papers, or gives them a failing grade.
    The best way to avoid an unintentional plagiarising is to be very careful in gathering your information. As you take notes on books and magazine articles about the topic you’ve selected, first try to assimilate the information thoroughly. Secondly, write it down in your own words. This is called paraphrasing. If you do a good job of paraphrasing, you’ll capture the main idea from your source without actually using any phrases from it. Most of your notes should probably be paraphrases. However, occasionally you may find something you wish to quote directly in your research paper. In this case, be sure that you copy the quotation precisely in your notes and enclose it in quotation marks. That way when you’re finalising your research paper, you’ll be able to remember which of your notes are direct quotes and which are your own summaries of the material. You can then incorporate them appropriately and give the original author proper credit.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. What kind of assignment does the speaker discuss with the students?
23. What does the speaker warn the students not to do?
24. According to the speaker, how should most of the notes be taken?
25. How does the speaker say a direct quotation should be used?