【B1】 【B4】

A few years ago it was  fashionable to speak of a generation gap, a division between young people and their elders. Parents  complained that children did not show them proper respect and obedience, while children complained that their parents did not understand them at all. What had gone wrong? Why had the generation gap suddenly appeared?  Actually, the generation gap has been around for a long’ time. Many  critics argue that it is built into the fabric of our society.
   One important cause of the generation gap is the  opportunity that young people have to choose their own life styles. In more  traditional societies, when children grow up, they are expected to live in the same area as their parents, to marry people that their parents know and  approve of, and often to continue the family occupation. In our society, young people often travel great distances for their education, move out of the family home at an early age, marry or live with  people whom their parents have never met, and choose occupations different from those of their parents.
   In our upwardly mobile society, parents often expect their children to do better than they did: to find better jobs, to make more money, and to do all the things that they were unable to do: Often, however,  the ambitions that parents have for their children are another cause of the division between them. Often, they discover that they have very little in common with each other.
   Finally, the speed at which changes take place in our society is another cause of the gap between the generations. In a traditional culture,  elderly people are valued for their wisdom, but in our society, the knowledge of a lifetime may become obsolete overnight. The young and the old seem to live in two very different worlds, separated by different skills and abilities.