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  3. As Artificial Intelligence(AI)becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat.

As Artificial Intelligence(AI)becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat.

admin2021-01-06  53
问题     As Artificial Intelligence(AI)becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.
    Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, it’s necessary to translate our morals into AI language.
    For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn’t want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. " You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values," said Russell.
    Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you would’t think that’s the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would to.
    It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.
    Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.
    The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to do sufficient testing and they’ve produced a system that will break some kind of taboo(禁忌).
    One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.
    If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity to stop, sent out beeps(嘟嘟声), and ask for directions from a human. If we humans aren’t quite sure about a decision, we go and ask somebody else.
    The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe is moral. and how to create a set of ethical rules. But if we come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity.
What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?
选项 A、Keep a distance from possible dangers.
B、Stop to seek advice from a human being.
C、Trigger its built-in alarm system at once.
D、Do sufficient testing before taking action.
答案B
解析 推理判断题。第八段讲到，一个简单的核查办法就是给机器人输入一个程序可以使其在面对非正常情况时能向人类寻求正确的行为方式。第九段第一句举例说明，如果机器人不确定一只动物是否适合放人微波炉内，它有机会停下来，发出嘟嘟声，征求人类的意见。由此可见，当一个程序完好的机器人在遇到意外情况时，它会停下，并向人类寻求正确的处理方法，故答案为B)。
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