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  3. Social Media and Marketing A)In May 2013, Ritz-Carlton Hotel Co. bought ads to promote its brand page on Facebook. After a few d

Social Media and Marketing A)In May 2013, Ritz-Carlton Hotel Co. bought ads to promote its brand page on Facebook. After a few d

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问题                         Social Media and Marketing
A)In May 2013, Ritz-Carlton Hotel Co. bought ads to promote its brand page on Facebook. After a few days, unhappy executives halted the campaign— but not because they weren’t gaining enough fans. Rather, they were gaining too many, too fast. "We were fearful that our engagement and connection with our community was dropping" as the fan base grew, says Allison Sitch, Ritz-Carlton’ s vice president of global public relations.
B)Today, the hotel operator has about 498,000 Facebook fans; some rivals have several times as many. Rather than try to keep pace, Ritz-Carlton spends time analyzing its social-media conversations, to see what guests like and don’t like. It also reaches out to people who have never stayed at its hotels and express concern about the cost.
C)Ritz-Carlton illustrates a shift in corporate social- media strategies. After years of chasing Facebook fans and Twitter followers, many companies now stress quality over quantity. They are tracking mentions of their brand, and then using the information to help the business. "Fans and follower counts are over. Now it’ s about what is social doing for you and real business objectives," says Jan Rezab, chief executive of Socialbakers AS, a social-media metrics company based in Prague.
D)When many companies joined Facebook in the late 2000s, they used it as another brand website where they provided links, contact information and monitored consumer gripes. Then, they got caught up in the numbers game, trying to rack up raw masses of fans and followers, believing they were building a solid marketing channel. But that often wasn’t the case. "Social media are not the powerful and persuasive marketing force many companies hoped they would be," concludes Gallup Inc., which on Monday released a report that examines the subject.
E)Gallup says 62% of the more than 18,000 U.S. consumers it polled said social media had no influence on their buying decisions. Another 30% said it had some influence. U.S. companies spent $5.1 billion on social-media advertising in 2013, but Gallup says "consumers are highly adept at tuning out brand-related Facebook and Twitter content."(Gallup’ s survey was conducted via the Web and mail from December 2012 to January 2013. The survey has a margin of error of plus or minus 1 percentage point.)
F)In a study last year, Nielsen Holdings NV found that global consumers trusted ads on television, print, radio, billboards and movie trailers more than social-media ads. Gallup says brands assumed incorrectly that consumers would welcome them into their social lives. Then they delivered a hard sell that turned off many people.
G)More recently, changes in how Facebook manages users’ news feeds have hindered brands’ ability to reach their fans. Rather than a largely chronological stream, Facebook now manages the news feed to feature items it thinks users will want to see. The result: brands reached 6.5% of their fans with Facebook posts in March, down from 16% in February 2012, according to EdgeRank Checker, a social-media analytics firm recently acquired by Socialbakers.
H)Indian Road Cafe in New York City estimates it spent about $5,000 on Facebook ads, and its page now has about 13,000 fans. "But the return is really disappointing", says co-owner Jason Minter. "Unless you spend to boost a post, you only reach 300 to 400 people. I’ve certainly noticed the loss of organic reach. You spend all this time, and unfortunately, the return is not there." Mr. Minter says the restaurant still uses Facebook, but in a more targeted way, and is looking to a new website and other digital marketing approaches rather than building up the Facebook audience.
I)A spokesman for Facebook Inc. says companies need to adjust their priorities. "The way brands should think about this is changing," he says. "Fans should be a means to positive business outcomes—not the end themselves." The spokesman says Facebook has been honest with companies about the diminishing reach of their posts.
J)Companies reach more nonfans than fans on Facebook, as friends share content, which pushes posts higher in Facebook’s ranking system, according to Socialbakers. That puts value on conversation, rather than just posting content.
K)Another reason companies are looking beyond fan numbers is that the numbers are easily gamed. Researchers say many fans are fake, or automated, accounts designed to inflate numbers. Italian security researcher Andrea Stroppa says he found a new breed of sites offering Facebook fans or Twitter followers for pennies. In experiments, Mr. Stroppa paid 42 cents for 700 fans and seven cents for 100 likes on a Facebook post.
L)While companies are adjusting their social—media strategies, they continue to advertise on Facebook. First-quarter net income nearly tripled at the social-network on a 72% increase in revenue. Twitter Inc. says companies can have big followings as well as meaningful conversations with users. "Engagement is key and is something that can in turn further grow your audience," says Ross Hoffman, Twitter’s director of brand strategy. "The onus of good content is on the marketer, and we are working with brands and agencies to sharpen this skill."
M)Indeed, some brands value a large social-media community. "We want to reach a very large audience," says Ben Blatt, executive director of digital strategy at Walt Disney Co. ’s ABC Television. The Facebook page for "Dancing with the Stars" has 5.2 million likes. Mr. Blatt says such a large fan base can be useful in tracking how popular one theme or episode is compared with others.
N)Cable and media company Comcast Corp. monitors social media extensively and analyzes data from 11 different sources, including which consumers click its links, engage with its social content or discuss its products and services. Those tools help Comcast see trends about the quality of service nationally or regionally, or ideas for new features, says Robin Dagostino, who runs social media for Comcast.
O)The NBA has 23 million Facebook fans. But executives are less concerned by the numbers than capitalizing on the social chatter. The NBA’s social team monitors conversation across a variety of social networks during games and posts video highlights of games in real time, hoping to prompt people to tune in to television. Employees monitor comments on social media to see what fans thought of a commercial, or when might be the best time to sell a T-shirt. "We want to give them more of what they’re talking about," says Melissa Rosenthal Brenner, the league’ s senior vice president of digital media.
Though some companies are changing their social-media strategies, they still use it to advertise its products and the Twitter Inc. says the key to make it useful is engagement.
选项
答案L
解析 此句意为：尽管一些公司在改变它们的社交媒体的策略，但是它们依然用它为产品做广告。Twitter公司说使社交网络变得有用的关键是投入其中。题干中的social—media strategies可以定位到L段中的While companies are adjusting their social--media strategies，they continue to advertise on Facebook…Twitter Inc．sayscompanies can have big followings as well as meaningful conversations with users．最后一句话中的Engagement is key与题干中的the key to make it useful is engagement形成对应。
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