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  3. For good or ill, globalization has become the economic buzz-word of the 1990s. National economies are undoubtedly becoming stead

For good or ill, globalization has become the economic buzz-word of the 1990s. National economies are undoubtedly becoming stead

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问题     For good or ill, globalization has become the economic buzz-word of the 1990s. National economies are undoubtedly becoming steadily more integrated as cross-border flows of trade, investment and financial capital increase. Consumers are buying more foreign goods, a growing number of firms now operate across national borders, and savers are investing more than ever before in far-flung places.
    Whether all of this is for good or ill is a topic of heated debate. One positive view is that globalization is an unmixed blessing, with the potential to boost productivity and living standards everywhere. This is because a globally integrated economy can lead to a better division of labor between countries, allowing low-wage countries to specialize in labor-intensive tasks while high-wage countries use workers in more productive ways. It will allow firms to exploit bigger economies of scale. And with globalization, capital can be shifted to whatever country offers the most productive investment opportunities, not trapped at home financing projects with poor returns.
    Critics of globalization take a gloomier view. They predict that increased competition from low-wage developing countries will destroy jobs and push down wages in today’s rich economies. There will be a race to the bottom as countries reduce wages, taxes, welfare benefits and environmental controls to make themselves more competitive. Pressure to compete will erode the ability of governments to set their own economic policies. The critic also worry about the increased power of financial markets to cause economic havoc, as in the European currency crises of 1992 and 1993, Mexico in 1994—1995 and South-East Asia in 1997.
According to the positive view, globalization can______.
选项 A、allow low-wage countries to use workers in more productive ways
B、help low-wage countries get rid of labor-intensive economy
C、enable firms to exploit bigger economies of scale
D、cause capital to shift to countries where there is greatest fund shortage
答案C
解析 细节题。在第二段中，对全球化的一个乐观观点认为，全球化能使低工资国家从事劳动密集型工作，而能使高工资国家工人更具生产力。另外，它能使公司开发更大的规模经济，使资金流向能取得最大收益的国家，而不是困在国内收益很差的项目中。因此，只有C与此相符。
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