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  3. Is sitting in traffic as inevitable as death and taxes? Perhaps not. Many countries now have dedicated traffic-monitoring centre

Is sitting in traffic as inevitable as death and taxes? Perhaps not. Many countries now have dedicated traffic-monitoring centre

admin2014-04-20  79
问题     Is sitting in traffic as inevitable as death and taxes? Perhaps not. Many countries now have dedicated traffic-monitoring centres linked to networks of cameras and sensors. Throw in traffic-spotting aircraft, accident reports and the known positions of buses fitted with satellite-positioning gear, and it is possible to see exactly what is happening on the roads. Drivers could switch from busy to quiet routes and avoid congestion—if only they had access to this information.
    And now they do. Systems such as the Traffic Message Channel and the Vehicle Information and Communication System(VICS), in Europe and Japan respectively, pipe data from traffic centres into in-car navigation systems via FM radio signals. Drivers can see where the traffic is and try to avoid it. Honda, a Japanese carmaker, even combines VICS data with position data from 150,000 vehicles belonging to members of its Premium Club so that they can choose the fastest lane on a congested road, says David Schrier of ABI Research, a consultancy.
    Meanwhile ITIS, a British company, is one of several firms experimenting with mobile-phone signals to monitor traffic on roads that lack sensors or cameras. Its software hooks into a mobile operator’s network and uses a statistical approach to deduce traffic speeds as phones are "handed off" from one cell tower to another. The data must be cleaned up to exclude pedestrians and cyclists, but this idea has great potential, says Mr Schrier.
    Another way to dodge traffic is to predict where and when it will form. In Redmond, Washington, at the headquarters of Microsoft, employees have been testing a traffic-prediction system called JamBayes. Users register their route preferences and then receive alerts, by e-mail or text message, warning them of impending traffic jam. JamBayes uses a technique called Bayesian modeling to combine real-time traffic data with historical trends, weather information and a list of calendar events such as holidays. Eric Horvitz of Microsoft, who developed the system, says it is accurate 75% of the time, and 3, 000 employees use it daily.
    A system called Beat-the-Traffic, developed by Triangle Software of Campbell, California, with funding from the National Science Foundation, goes further. It not only warns drivers of impending traffic but also suggests an alternative route via e-mail or text message. Andre Gueziec, the firm’s boss, thinks traffic forecasts will become as prevalent as weather forecasts. Indeed, in June, KXTV News 10, a TV station in Sacramento, California, began showing Triangle’s traffic forecasts for the coming week.  
Honda is mentioned in the second paragraph to suggest that______.
选项 A、Traffic Message Channel is established in Japan
B、Japan is in the lead in solving traffic problems
C、Honda demonstrated how VICS can be used
D、Only few people can afford to enjoy this service
答案C
解析 篇章题。根据题干中的Honda定位至第二段末句。由本题提问方式可判断，这里提到的Honda是细节内容，考查考生由论据推断论点的能力。从该段首句And now they do可知本段引出交通路况监测系统。首先提到Traffic Message Channel及the Vehicle Information and Communication System(VICS)。接下来以Honda公司为例，说明VICS系统是如何工作的，故[C]为答案。第二段第二句中的the TrafficMessage Channel and VICS，in Europe and Japan respectively明确表明欧洲使用的是TMC系统，[A]与此相悖。[B]属于过度推断，该段提到欧洲和日本都使用了交通路况监测系统，但没有进行比较，无法得出此项结论，故排除。该段没有涉及系统价格问题，[D]没有依据，故排除。
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