2. 外语
  3. Psychologists now believe that noise has a considerable effect on people’s attitudes and behavior. Experiments have proved t

Psychologists now believe that noise has a considerable effect on people’s attitudes and behavior. Experiments have proved t

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问题     Psychologists now believe that noise has a considerable effect on people’s attitudes and behavior.
    Experiments have proved that in noisy situations (even temporary ones), people become more irritable and less cooperative; in more permanent noisy situations, many people cannot work hard, and they suffer from severe anxiety as well as other psychological problems. However, psychologists distinguish between "sound" and "noise". "Sound" is measured physically in decibels (分贝). "Noise" cannot be measured in the same way because it refers to the psychological effect of sound and its level of "intensity" depends on the situation.
    Thus, for passengers at an airport who expect to hear airplanes taking off and landing, there may be a lot of sound, but not much noise (that is, they are not bothered by the noise). By contrast, if you are at a concert and two people behind you are whispering, you feel they are talking noisily even if there is not much sound. You notice the noise because it affects you psychologically. Both sound and noise can have negative effects, but what is most important is if the person has control over the sound. People walking down the street with earphones, listening to music that they enjoy, are receiving a lot of decibels of sound, but they are probably happy hearing sounds which they control. On the other hand, people in the street without earphones must tolerate a lot of noise which they have no control over. It is noise pollution that we need to control in order to help people live more happily.  
"Sound", as defined by the psychologist, ______.
选项 A、can be measured in the same way that "noise" is measured
B、may be extremely harmful to health
C、is not at all different from "noise"
D、can be measured by machines
答案D
解析 本题是一道具体细节题。问正如心理学家所定义的那样，声音有何特点。利用查阅式阅读法，我们可以在文章的第二段后半部分中找到相关信息。这部分指出，然而，心理学家把声音和噪音做了区别，声音实际上可以用分贝来测量，而噪声却不能用同样的方法来测量。这是因为噪音指的是声音的心理效果，其强度级别依照具体情况而定。因此，本题的正确答案应是D“声音可以用机器测量出来”。
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