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  3. Natural flavorings and fragrances are often costly and limited in supply. For example, the vital ingredient in a rose fragrance

Natural flavorings and fragrances are often costly and limited in supply. For example, the vital ingredient in a rose fragrance

admin2011-01-13  19
问题     Natural flavorings and fragrances are often costly and limited in supply. For example, the vital ingredient in a rose fragrance is extracted from natural rose oil at a cost of thousands of dollars a pound; an identical synthetic substance can be made for 1% of this cost. Since the early twentieth century, success in reproducing these substances has created a new industry that today produces hundreds of artificial flavors and fragrances.
    Some natural fragrances are easily synthesized; these include vanillin, the aromatic ingredient in vanilla, and benzaldehyde, the aromatic ingredient in wild cherries. Other fragrances, however, have dozens, even hundreds of components. Only recently has it been possible to separate and identify these ingredients by the use of gas chromatography and spectroscopy. Once the chemical identity is known, it is often possible to synthesize them. Nevertheless, some complex substances, such as the aroma of fresh coffee, have still not been duplicated satisfactorily.
    Many of the chemical compounds making up these synthetics are identical to those found in nature, and are as harmless or harmful as the natural substances. New products must be tested for safety, and when used in food, must be approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
    The availability of synthetic flavors and fragrances has made possible a large variety of products, from inexpensive beverages to perfumed soap to used cars with applied "new car odor."  
Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
选项 A、How to Synthesize Fragrances
B、Synthetic Substances Are Easy to Make
C、Natural Flavorings and Fragrances
D、Synthetic Flavors and Fragrances
答案D
解析 主旨题型。阅读全文可知本文是围绕天然调味品和香料供应有限且价格不菲(见第一段第一句)，后有了人工合成品替代(尽管有些合成容易，有些困难)，使大量生产成为可能；其中主要部分谈的是人工合成品(调味品和香料)；因此选项D为答案。
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