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  3. Italy, the land of Dante, declared war on officialese (官样文章) recently, vowing to simplify the way the state communicates with it

Italy, the land of Dante, declared war on officialese (官样文章) recently, vowing to simplify the way the state communicates with it

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问题     Italy, the land of Dante, declared war on officialese (官样文章) recently, vowing to simplify the way the state communicates with its citizens. (1)"This is a cultural revolution in our relationship with citizens," Civil Service Minister Franco Frattini told a news conference to unveil a Project to make bureaucratic language understandable. The project called "Chiaro!" (Clear!) ,aims to rid the language used in bureaucratic texts of complex clauses and confusing terms.(2)While Italians were keeping their fingers crossed it would succeed, Frattini acknowledged it would be an uphill struggle. (3)Many existing government texts would be changed into more simple language but the hardest part would be to teach old dogs new tricks. "It would be useless to translate the documents and not train personnel to stop using ancient, incomprehensible language, "he said.(4)Ministries would be encouraged to compete for a "Chiaro!" (Clear !) stamp, which could be awarded only to departments and ministries that wrote simply. Professor Alfredo Fioritto, who heads a task of legal experts and linguists, admitted it was going tough. "There are hundreds of years of tradition to today the government speaks like it did in the nineteenth century, "he said. (5)"Simplifying language is very difficult. It means you have to know what you are talking about."
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答案1．“这是政府与国民关系的一次文化革命。”内务部长弗兰哥?弗拉蒂尼在一次新闻发布会上宣布了一项计划，这项计划旨在使官样语言可以被民众读懂。 2．意大利人都盼望这次行动能够成功，但弗拉蒂尼承认这会是一场艰苦的斗争。 3．许多现存政府条文都应用更简单的语言改写．+但最困难的任务是“让守旧的人接受新事物”。 4．政府将鼓励各部门去争夺“奇亚罗”标志，只有那些公文简明的部门才能获得这一荣誉。 5．“简化语言是很困难的事情。这意味着你必须知道自己在说什么。”
解析 1．Civil Service Minister指“内务部”。to unveil a Project to make bureaucratic language understandable这一部分中，unveil意思是“揭开，宣布”，等于declare或pronounce。make bureaucratic language understandable的意思是“使官样语言可以被看懂”。
   2．Italians were keeping their fingers crossed，意思是“意大利人把手指交叉起来(形成一个V字)”表示相信这场运动一定会胜利，但弗拉蒂尼却认为这会是一场艰苦的斗争。uphill struggle，“登山的斗争，”意指不容易。
   3．在第3句the hardest part would be to teach old dogs new tricks这一部分中，the hardest part指“最困难的那部分任务”。to teach old dogs new tricks是英语中的老套话，即“让保守的人接受新事物”。是You can teach old dogs new tricks这句老套话的翻版。
   4．在这第4句话中，有两点应当注意；一是ministries．和后面提到的departments and ministries，指意大利政府的各个部(ministries)及其下属的部门(departments)，英语中的习惯是先说小的部门再说大部门，中文中则正相反。二是compete for a“Chiaro!”(Clear!)stamp。 compete的意思是take part in a contest，即“参加角逐”。for a“Chiaro!”(Clear!)stamp表示参加角逐的目标——为了赢得“(语言)清晰”这个标签。“Chiaro!”是意大利语，等于英语的 Clear。
   5．最后一句话中的It代表Simplifying language，本句关键是强调最后“你必须知道自己
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