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  3. The internet mirrors society, reflecting our strengths and weaknesses. A healthy society and a healthy internet share the same v

The internet mirrors society, reflecting our strengths and weaknesses. A healthy society and a healthy internet share the same v

admin2018-03-26  93
问题    The internet mirrors society, reflecting our strengths and weaknesses. A healthy society and a healthy internet share the same vital forces: individuals taking action, making things, solving problems, and ultimately building our own environment. We need both technology and social commitment to create spaces where healthy democracies will flourish.
   As citizens, we have a right and a responsibility to participate in democracy for it to work. Today we see technology—specifically the internet—enabling rich new ways to participate in democracy. The internet lets citizens swiftly tune in to world events, discuss the implications, organize campaigns, project their voices, and force change. Through the internet, democratically elected leaders can more easily hear diverse voices. By making political activities more transparent, the internet helps citizens hold politicians more accountable. It has created a sea change for democratic political discourse, offering a global soapbox(即兴演讲台)like none other.
   We also see the internet magnifying the polarization of our societies and the rise of vitriol, hate speech and misinformation. This amplification is made possible by the internet and centralized social media platforms, which combine to create mass echo chambers. However the core issues live within the nature of our societies themselves. So today the internet reflects richness, divisiveness and areas where hope and opportunities to improve one’s own life are not as widely available as we would like.
   The ease with which " fake news" can be disseminated(散布)online presented an opportunity to capitalize on existing social discontent by distributing misinformation for financial gain. We saw this happen in the latest US election cycle when egregiously fabricated stories published solely for profit circulated widely in social media. Pizzagate. The Pope endorses a presidential candidate. Florida imposes Sharia law. Though these storie， were clearly false, each was published online, consumed, shared and viewed by millions of people. And yet we need to ask: How different are these articles from standard "clickbait"(标题党)that sensationalizes the truth in order to drive traffic?
   The stakes are high when bad actors misappropriate the internet and position fake news to drown out facts for personal gain. Misinformation spread online has the power to influence people’s understanding of real world events. Millions of internet users have no way to quickly assess whether claims are true or false. All of this adds up to loss of trust in core institutions as a source of good information and trustworthy community. But the loss is further compounded. Democracy relies on the free flow of good information and human connection, and when people believe they can’t trust anyone, democracy is weakened.
   Technology alone will not solve the problem, but technology combined with human intent, economic investment, and development policies can make immense positive changes.
   The world today is in a disruptive state, and it’s clear that the connection of technology to social impact is deeply needed so that communities of goodwill can grow, trust in the internet and information will rebound and democracy will thrive. We have to apply ourselves to this challenge. Otherwise we will have wasted a rare and precious opportunity.
By citing the examples of Pizzagate, the Pope and Florida, the author intends to show that______.
选项 A、the made-up stories can circulate quickly among the public
B、fabricated stories are more common in American political season
C、the profit motive drives fake news spread widely online
D、false news is completely different from standard "clickbait"
答案C
解析 事实细节题。本题考查作者以三个例子为证说明的观点。作者在该段中举了三个例子，通常来讲，例子支撑其所在位置前后的观点。作者在该段第一句提到，“假新闻”能在网上轻易传播，这为那些利用人们对现有社会的不满，散布错误信息并从中牟利的人提供了机会。紧接着在第二句中指出该问题也出现在最近的美国选举周期中。随后以比萨门事件、教皇公开支持一名总统候选人、佛罗里达强行实施伊斯兰教法为例，阐述了美国选举周期中，仅仅为了牟利而被过分捏造的故事在社交媒体上大肆流传，故答案为C)“牟利动机促使假新闻在网上广为流传”。A)“捏造的故事在公众中迅速传播”与该段的内容不符，该段主要在讲述捏造的故事在网上广为流传，而不是在公众中迅速传播，故排除；B)“捏造的故事在政治季更常见”是对该段第二句的曲解，该句只是提到在最近的美国选举周期中也出现了在网上散布错误信息来牟利的现象，并未强调该问题在政治季更常见，故排除；D)“假新闻与常规型‘标题党’截然不同”与原文表述相反，该段末句发问：这些文章与为了带来流量而炒作真相的常规型“标题党”又有何区别呢?表明假新闻与常规型“标题党”本质上是一样的，都是为了吸引流量而歪曲或炒作真相，故排除。
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