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The Common Cold Every winter people start coming down with colds. There is no cure for the common cold but since ancient

admin2021-06-15  2
问题                                                                             The Common Cold
        Every winter people start coming down with colds. There is no cure for the common cold but since ancient times, people have developed ways to ease the aches and pains, sore throat and coughing, headache, high temperature and runny nose that go with the illness. The serious part of a cold is usually over in three days. That’s the infectious time when other people can catch your cold. After this infectious period, the cold may last up to three weeks, although sometimes a cough may stay around for months.
        The common cold got its name from, well, being physically cold. However, there is some doubt that low temperatures cause colds. According to scientific studies, colds are caused by viruses, small infectious agents that can cause disease in any living thing. There are millions of viruses. However, since 1898, when the first virus was discovered by Martinus Berjerinck, approximately 5,000 have been named and described. The cold virus was identified in the 1950s.
        The common cold virus is believed to be transmitted from one person to another by coming into contact with infected droplets of water from the nose. It can also be transmitted by physical contact with an infected person or something they have touched such as food or a door handle. From there, the virus is quickly transferred to the eyes and nose of the new host where the cycle begins again.
        While the common cold may not be directly caused by getting cold, the reason why colds are more common in winter is that when it’ s cold, people stay inside close together and this increases the risk. The best example is school where many children are sitting close together. This is the perfect condition for the virus to spread. The children then go home and pass on colds to other family members. According to Wikipedia, the common cold "is the most frequent infectious disease in humans with the average adult contracting two to three colds a year and the average child contracting between six and twelve."
        Each culture has developed its own treatment for colds. In the west, hot lemon honey drinks, staying in bed and keeping warm, drinking plenty of water, taking vitamin C and eating healthy food are believed to be effective.
        You can help prevent the spread of colds by washing your hands thoroughly and frequently and covering your mouth and nose when you cough.
What cannot be inferred about viruses according to the passage?
选项 A、Viruses are major cause of the cold.
B、Viruses are agents that can cause disease in any living thing.
C、The first virus that caused colds was discovered in 1898.
D、The virus that causes colds is present in infected droplets of water from the nose, food, or door handles.
答案C
解析 推断题。题干：根据这篇文章，关于病毒我们不能推断出什么?A项“病毒是感冒的主要原因”。根据选项关键词“cause”可定位到文章第二段“According to scientific studies，colds are caused by viruses.(根据科学研究，感冒是由病毒引起……)”，A项与原文表述的含义相同。A项正确。B项“病毒是能在任何生物中引起疾病的媒介”。根据选项关键词agents可定位到原文第二段中的“small infectious agents that can cause disease in any living thing.(病毒是一种能在任何生物中引起疾病的小型传染媒介)”，由此可知B项与原文表述的含义相同。B项正确。D项“引起感冒的病毒存在于感染者的鼻涕中、食物中或其触摸过的门把手上”。根据关键词“nose”“food”“door”“handles”，可定位到第三段前两句“The common cold virus is believed to be transmitted from one person to another by coming into contact with infected droplets of water from the nose. It can also be transmitted by physical contact with an infected person or something they have touched such as food or a door handle.(人们认为普通感冒病毒通过感染者的鼻涕从一个人传播到另一个人。它也可以通过与感染者的身体接触或接触感染者接触过的东西来传播、如食物或门把手)”，D项符合文章内容。D项正确。C项“第一种引起感冒的病毒于1898年被发现”。根据选项关键词1898，定位到第二段中的“However，since 1898，when the first virus was discovered by Martinus Beijerinck，approximately 5000 have been named and described. The cold virus was identified in the 1950s.(然而，自1898年Martinus Beijerinck发现第一种病毒以来，大约有5000种病毒得到命名和描述。这种感冒病毒是在20世纪50年代被发现的)”，由此可知，1898年是第一种病毒被发现的时间，而不是第一种感冒病毒被发现的时间。感冒病毒被发现的时间为20世纪50年代。所以C项的表述与原文不符，故本题选C。
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