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  3. No document is safe any more. Faking once the domain of skilled deceivers that used expensive engraving(雕刻)and printing equipmen

No document is safe any more. Faking once the domain of skilled deceivers that used expensive engraving(雕刻)and printing equipmen

admin2014-09-30  45
问题     No document is safe any more. Faking once the domain of skilled deceivers that used expensive engraving(雕刻)and printing equipment, has gone mainstream since the price of desktop-publishing systems has dropped. In ancient times, faking was a hanging offence. Today, desktop counterfeiters have little reason to worry about prison, because the systems they use are universal and there is no means of tracing forged documents to the machine that produced them. This, however, may soon change thanks to technology development by George Chiu, an anti-faking engineer.
    His approach is based on detecting imperfections in the print quality of documents. Old-school court scientists were able to trace documents to particular typewriters based on quirks(瑕疵)of the individual keys. He employs a similar approach, exploiting the fact that the rotating drums and mirrors inside a printer are imperfect pieces of engineering which leave unique patterns of banding in their products.
    Although these patterns are invisible to the naked eye, they can be detected and analyzed by computer programs, and it is these that Dr. Chiu has spent the past year devising. So far, he cannot trace individual printers, but he can tell pretty reliably which make and model of printer was used to create a document.
    That, however, is only the beginning. While it remains to be seen whether it will be possible to trace a counterfeit(伪造的)document back to its guilty creator on the basis of manufacturing imperfections, Dr. Chiu is now working out ways to make those imperfections deliberate. He wants to modify the printing process so that unique, invisible signatures can be incorporated into each machine produced which would make any document traceable.
    Ironically, it was after years of collaborating with printing companies to reduce banding and thus increase the quality of prints, that he came up with the idea of introducing artificial banding that could encode identification information into a document. Using the banding patterns of printers to secure documents would be both cheap to implement and hard, if not impossible, for those without specialist knowledge and hardware to hide out.
    Not surprising, the American Secret Service is monitoring the progress of this research very closely, and is providing guidelines to help Dr. Chiu to travel in what the service thinks is the right direction, which is fine for catching criminals. But how the legal users of printers will react to Big Brother being able to track any document back to its source remains to be seen.
The core of both the old and new ways of anti-faking is______.
选项 A、the quirks of the keys of the typewriters
B、the drums and mirrors inside the printers
C、the subtle defects of printing devices
D、the special skills of the experts
答案C
解析 事实细节题。定位段提到，George Chiu的方法建立在检测文件打印质量方面的瑕疵的基础上。传统的法庭科学家能够依据打印机每个键的瑕疵而追踪到某台打印机。他使用了类似的方法，利用这样一个事实：打印机内的滚筒和磁镜在制造方面存在瑕疵，这种瑕疵会在打印出的文件上留下独特的频带模式。因此可以推断，新旧两种方式的原理都在于印刷设备的细微缺陷。C)与之相符，为正确答案。
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