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  3. What is a black hole? Well, it’s difficult to answer this question, since the terms we would normally use to describe a scientif

What is a black hole? Well, it’s difficult to answer this question, since the terms we would normally use to describe a scientif

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问题 What is a black hole? Well, it’s difficult to answer this question, since the terms we would normally use to describe a scientific phenomenon are inadequate here. Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space(not a thing)into which matter has fallen and from which nothing can escape not even light. So we can’t see a black hole. A black hole exerts a strong gravitational pull and yet it has no matter. It is only space—or so we think. How can this happen?
The theory is that some stars explode when their density increases to a particular point; they collapse and sometimes a supernova occurs. From Earth, a supernova looks like a very bright light in the sky which shines even in the daytime. The most convincing evidence of black holes comes from research into binary star systems. Binary stars, as their name suggests, are twin stars whose position in space affects each other. In some binary systems, astronomers have shown that there is an invisible companion star, a " partner" to the one which we can see in the sky. Matter from the one which we can see is being pulled towards the companion star. Could this invisible star, which exerts such a great force, be a black hole? Astronomers have evidence of a few other stars too, which might have black holes as companions.
The story of black holes is just beginning. Speculations about them are endless. There might be a massive black hole at the center of our galaxy swallowing up stars at a very rapid rate. Mankind may one day meet this fate. On the other hand, scientists have suggested that very advanced technology could one day make use of the energy of black holes for mankind. These speculations sound like science fiction. But the theory of black holes in space is accepted by many serious scientists and astronomers. They show us a world which operates in a totally different way from our own and they question our most basic experience of space and time.
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答案 什么是黑洞呢?这个问题很难回答，因为我们把通常用来描述一种科学现象的术语用在这里来解释是不够的。天文学家和科学家们认为黑洞是个空间区域，物体会掉进去，而没有物体能从中逃逸出来——即使是光也不能，所以我们看不到黑洞。黑洞产生很强的引力，而它却没有物质。它只是空间——或者我们认为是空间。这是怎样发生的呢? 理论是一些星球的密度增长到某一特定点时就会爆炸。它们瓦解时会产生超新星。从地球上看去，超新星就像天空中非常耀眼的灯，即使在白天也能看到其闪光。黑洞最有说服力的证据来自对双星系的研究。双星，正如它们的名字所表明的，是两颗在空间位置上互相影响的星球。天文学家表示，在一些双星系里，有一颗看不到的伴星，即我们可以在天空中看到的一颗星球的伙伴。来自我们看到的星球的物质正被吸引到伴星去。这颗产生如此巨大力量的看不见的星球会是黑洞吗?天文学家还有其他一些星球的证据，这些星球可能与黑洞相伴。 对黑洞的研究刚刚开始，各种推测会层出不穷。在我们银河系的中心很可能存在着一个巨大的黑洞正以极快的速度吞噬着星球。人类有一天也会面临被吞噬的命运。而科学家也提出，有一天高科技会利用黑洞的能量为人类服务。这些设想听起来像科幻小说，但空间中黑洞的理论被许多严谨的科学家和天文学家接受。他们向我们展示了一个以完全不同于我们理解的方式运行的世界，并对我们掌握的最基本的时空经验提出了疑问。
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