2. 外语
  3. Business institutions have more prestige in American society than any other kind of organization, including the government. Most

Business institutions have more prestige in American society than any other kind of organization, including the government. Most

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问题     Business institutions have more prestige in American society than any other kind of organization, including the government. Most Americans believe, for example, that businesses are more efficient and better-run than the federal government. Why do business institutions possess this great prestige?
    One reason is that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the ideal of competition than other institutions in society. Since competition is seen as the major source of progress and prosperity by most Americans, competitive business institutions are respected. Competition is not only good in itself; it is the means by which other basic American values such as individual freedom, equality of opportunity, and hard work are protected.
    Competition protects the freedom of the individual by ensuring that there is no monopoly power. In contrast to one, all-powerful government, many businesses compete against each other for profits. Theoretically, if one business tries to take unfair advantage of its customers, it will lose to a competing business that treats its customers more fairly. Where businesses compete for the customers’ dollar, they cannot afford to give them inferior products or poor services.
    Competition in business is also believed to strengthen the ideal of equality of opportunity. Americans compare business competition to a race open to all, where success and status go to the swiftest person, regardless of social class background.
    Business competition is also seen by most Americans as encouraging hard work. If two business people are competing against each other, the one who works harder is likely to win. The one who spends less time and effort is likely to lose. Because business people must continually compete against each other, they must develop the habit of hard work in order not to fail.
    Americans are aware that business institutions often do not live up to the ideals of competition and the support of freedom, equality of opportunity, and hard work. Americans sometimes distrust the motives of business people, believing that they are capable of putting profit before product safety, or a cleaner environment. Therefore, most Americans believe businesses need some government regulation, although they may disagree on how much. Even with these flaws, however, most Americans believe that business comes closer than other institutions to carrying out competition and other basic values in daily practice.
To succeed in American business, people believe that______.
选项 A、family background and social position are more important than anything else
B、they have to take unfair advantage of customers in order to make more profit
C、they must develop the habit of hard work in order to win
D、they have to put profit before product safety or a cleaner environment
答案C
解析 细节题。在第五段中，大多数美国人认为商业竞争鼓励了努力工作。如果两个商人相互竞争，付出更多努力的人才更有可能成功，反之亦然。因此，要想在竞争中获胜，努力工作的精神是必须的。所以C是正确的。
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