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  3. A newly published series of experiments by cognitive neuroscientists at New York University is reinforcing the relevance of faci

A newly published series of experiments by cognitive neuroscientists at New York University is reinforcing the relevance of faci

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问题    A newly published series of experiments by cognitive neuroscientists at New York University is reinforcing the relevance of facial expressions to perceptions of characteristics such as tnistworthiness and friendliness. Conversely, facial structure influences the perception of physical ability but not intentions (such as friendliness and trustworthiness, in this instance). 【F1】In addition, decisions that involve guessing at the possible intentions of a person such as to whom you would entrust your money management are more strongly influenced by facial expression, whereas those based on physical ability such as whom you would bet on in a sporting event are more strongly influenced by facial structure.
   【F2】Previous studies also have shown the effect of facial cues on how we perceive and interact with others but this new work reveals how perceptions of the same person can vary greatly depending on that person’s facial expression in any given moment. This variability "has implications for both the people presenting themselves and the perceivers in social interactions," says Jonathan Freeman, a social neuroscientist at New York University and senior author of the study. So, we might consider the impact of our facial expressions in the photos we post online. 【F3】At the same time, in an ideal world people who look at our photos would give us the benefit of the doubt and hesitate to make spontaneous .judgments based only on a single image.
   Furthermore, the researchers refer to "ability" when discussing physical strength in the study. No specific measurements were made, for example, of perceptions of intellectual ability or ability to perform in certain job positions. 【F4】These abilities are more abstract and thus might rely on a combination of different dynamic and static facial cues, Freeman explains, so it would be difficult to test these relationships definitively.
   In our everyday lives this study and others make clear that although we might try to influence others’ perceptions of us with photos showing us splendid dress or displaying a self-assured attitude, the most important determinant of others’ perception and consequent behavior toward us is our faces.
   So the next time you want to win someone’s trust, try a smile and a happy face. 【F5】But for those folks hoping to get picked for a pick-up game of football, basketball and so on, don’t worry about your facial expression. The best you can do is hope you have a wider face and then let your physical prowess speak for itself.
【F3】
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答案同时，在理想状态下，看到我们照片的人会带给我们一个好处：他们会产生怀疑，会对凭一张照片就一时冲动地作出判断而感到迟疑不决。
解析 ①本句为并列句，分句1主干带“双宾”结构，并包含一个定语从句。分句2是主谓宾结构。②句首包含了两个状语，分别是At the same time和in an ideal world，说明主句内容发生的时间和状态。who引导的定语从句修饰前面的先行词people，说明这是“看到我们照片的人”。直接宾语the benefit of the doubt说明给我们带来好处的是看照片的人会产生怀疑。③分句2包含hesitate to do sth．结构，意为“迟疑／犹豫去做某事”。句末的分词短语based only on a single image作方式状语，意为“仅凭一张照片就……”。
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