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  3. Each for its own reason, the study of residential mobility has been a concern of three disciplines: economics, geography and soc

Each for its own reason, the study of residential mobility has been a concern of three disciplines: economics, geography and soc

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问题     Each for its own reason, the study of residential mobility has been a concern of three disciplines: economics, geography and sociology. For the economist, residential shifts provide a means for studying the housing and land markets. Geographers study mobility to understand the spatial (空间的) distributions of population types.  For the sociologist, interest in residential mobility has two sources: one stemming from the study of human ecology and the other, from a concern with the peculiar qualities of urban life. Of course, there are clearly overlapping concerns and it is often difficult to discern(辨别) the disciplinary origins of a researcher by sole examining the kinds of questions he or she raises about mobility, although it is usually easier to identify a researcher’s discipline by noting the methods used and the concepts employed.
    Urban mobility first appears in the sociological literature as a term expressing rather generalized qualities of urban, as opposed to the non-urban life. Some sociologists refer to the mobility of the city as the considerable sum of myriad and incessant (不断的)sources of stimulation imposing upon the urban dweller, a sort of sensory overload which produces sophistication, indifference, and a lowered level of affection in urban dwellers. There is simply so much to experience that the urban dweller’s capacity is reduced to react in a "spontaneous’? and "natural" way to urban existence. It is mobility in this sense that produces some of the special qualities of urban life, which, on the one hand, ap peals to migrants as an escape from the dullness and oppression of rural existence with its lack of change and stimulation, and on the other hand, produces alienation in a society where men see each other primarily as means to ends rather than as ends in themselves. Of course, mobility in this larger sense of sensory overload is not a concept which lends itself easily to measurement, especially since it is a macro-system property.
According to the passage, in a society where there is alienation, people ______.
选项 A、can discern other people’s shortcomings but not their owns
B、hold hostile views to others
C、take advantage of others to achieve their own purposes
D、are willing to help each other
答案C
解析 本题关键是最后一段倒数第二句中produces alienation in a society where men see each other primarily as means to ends rather than as ends in themselves.，该句中的means意为“方法，手段，途径”，end意为“目的，目标”，意思是说城市人之间的互相来往主要是为了达到自己某种目的的手段，而不是为了来往而来往，C)与此意接近。文章虽提到城里人彼此间不太有好感(lowered level of affection)，但没有提到他们之间互相挑毛病，排除A)；B)中的hostile也夸大了原文中所描述的indifference(冷漠)的含义；D)则和原文意思正相反。
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