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  3. Communications technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth. The first study to compare honesty across a

Communications technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth. The first study to compare honesty across a

admin2022-05-12  17
问题 Communications technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth. The first study to compare honesty across a range of communication media has found that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails. The fact that emails are automatically recorded—and can come back to haunt you—appears to be the key to the finding.
　　Jeff Hancock of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, asked 30 students to keep a communications diary for a week. In it they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told. Hancock then worked out the number of lies per conversation for each medium. He found that lies made up 14 percent of emails, 21 percent of instant messages, 27 percent of face-to-face interactions and an astonishing 37 percent of phone calls.
　　His results to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists. Some expected emailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because deception makes people uncomfortable, the detachment of emailing would make it easier to lie. Others expected people to lie more in face-to-face exchanges because we are most practised at that form of communication.
　　But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time. People appear to be afraid to lie when they know the communication could later be used to hold them to account, he says. This is why fewer lies appear in email than on the phone.
　　People are also more likely to lie in real time--in an instant message or phone call, say—than if they have time to think of a response, says Hancock. He found many lies are spontaneous responses to an unexpected demand, such as: "Do you like my dress?"
　　Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate. For instance, the phone might be the best medium foe sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth. But, given his result, work assessment where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email.
Hancock’s research finding surprised those who believed that ______.
选项 A、people are less likely to lie in instant messages
B、people are unlikely to lie in face-to-face interactions
C、people are most likely to lie in email communication
D、people are twice as likely to lie in phone conversations
答案C
解析 推理判断题。由第二段最后一句话可知，发邮件的说谎率为14%，即时通讯21%，面对面交流27%，电话交流37%。由第三段第二、三句话可知，一些人认为发送邮件者最容易说谎，另一些人认为而对面地交流更容易说谎。因此可推知，研究结果会使认为发送邮件者最容易说谎的人感到吃惊，选C。
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